Which 2 countries emerged as super powers by the end of WWII? Why? Standards: Identify the United States and Soviet aligned states of Europe, and contrast their political and economic characteristics. SS.912.W.8.1 Describe characteristics of the early Cold War. SS.912.W.8.2

How Should World War II End? We must not punish Germany harshly because… Germany can rebuild to be a stable, democratic state. If Germany is crippled it will not be able to pay its reparations. The Treaty of Versailles tried to cripple Germany and that caused another world war. Truman Stalin We must not let Germany become strong because… If Germany recovers, they might attack again. The Germans destroyed whole towns, villages and cities. The USSR lost 30 million people in WWII against Germany and was virtually bankrupt.

Beginning of the Cold War Yalta Conference – In 1945, the allied powers agree to divide Germany into 4 zones: US, Great Britain, France and the USSR. By 1946, Joseph Stalin had already spread communism by taking over most of Eastern Europe and thus creating satellite nations: Romania, Hungary, Bulgaria, Albania and Poland. Containment – American policy to prevent communism from spreading (not eliminate it). Truman Doctrine – The U.S. will provide aid to nations threatened by Soviet expansion (Ex. Greece & Turkey). Berlin Blockade – First major conflict of the Cold War. Soviets block off Berlin in an attempt to take over Germany.

Super Powers after WWII U.S. President Roosevelt President Truman Capitalist Nation Economically strong because of consumer demand (TV’s, car, luxury items) Democracy Containment Compare Allied against Germany in WWII Economically strong after WWII Nuclear Arms Race Space Race Agreed capitalism and communism could not coexist Believed each other was a threat Wanted to spread their views U.S.S.R. Dictator Joseph Stalin Communist Nation Opposed Capitalism Economically strong because of government-operated, Heavy industries (coal, steel, oil, ) Possible discussion as to why these nations would start to compete such as the Nuclear Arms Race and Space Race.

Cold War – Is it a Thing? Started Right after WWII or during (1945) An “Ideological War” Both entered the war with the goal of preventing the other from conquering the world. Space Race- Competed in non-violent ways Proxy Wars- Wars between super powers that do not directly involve these super powers Korean War 1950-1953 Vietnam War 1963-1975

The Iron Curtain The Warsaw Pact – 1955 NATO – 1949 The Soviet Union’s response to the formation of NATO. Signed by the Soviet Union and it’s satellite nations in Eastern Europe. The defensive pact stated that the Soviet’s have control of the armed forces in the satellite nations. NATO – 1949 North Atlantic Treaty Organization Signed by the US, Canada and Western European nations Goal was to protect Berlin and stop the spread of communism Each nation would come to one another’s defense in the event of a Soviet attack The Iron Curtain

The Iron Curtain

How to Spot a Capitalist American Superiority Poster Work Session How to Spot a Capitalist American Superiority Poster Create an article titled: “How and What to Tell a Capitalist” In your document explain: How to spot a Capitalist. Why Capitalists are bad. What to do when you encounter a Capitalist. How Communism is superior to Capitalism. All of this should be done in propaganda fashion. Create a poster that shows the American way of life being superior to the Russian way of life. In your poster symbolize: Main characteristics of Capitalism and Democracy Main characteristics of Communism and Dictatorships Superiority of the American way of life in a propaganda fashion. Provide a slogan to complete your propaganda poster