J. Todd Hoeksema Stanford University

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Presentation transcript:

J. Todd Hoeksema Stanford University Causes and Effects of Superstorms Associated with the Magnetic Field in the Corona and the Heliosphere J. Todd Hoeksema Stanford University

Premonition of Activity 14 Days Before CMP!

Observations of Regions 486 & 488 14D Before Central Meridian 14D Later Far Side

The Photosphere

The Magnetic Field

Another View of the Surface

The Coronal Response Tom Bridgman NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center Scientific Visualization Studio

The Heliospheric Field

The Heliospheric Field

Several Rotations -3 +1 -1 +2 +6

Did the open field line connections change? Thanks to Yang Liu at Stanford For the following figures

Evolution of magnetic field in this period Central meridian: CR2007_290** degree in Longitude (Sept. 4) Central meridian: CR2008_290** degree in Longitude (Oct. 1) 0464 0488 Central meridian: CR2009_290** degree in Longitude (Oct. 28) 0484 0486 Central meridian: CR2010_290** degree in Longitude (Nov. 25) 0501 **Not usual 180 centering

Evolution of magnetic field in this period Central meridian: CR2007_290 degree in Longitude (Sept. 4) Central meridian: CR2008_290 degree in Longitude (Oct. 1) 0464 Date (mm/dd/yy) Time (UT) Speed (cone) Accel. Flares (Preliminary) 10/21/03 03:54 1853 -226.5 AR0484 C8/SF 10/28/03 11:30 2319 -135.8 AR0486 X17/4B 10/29/03 20:54 2093 -186.6 X10/2B 11/02/03 17:30 2986 -193.3 X8/2B 11/04/03 12:06 1020 -40.6 C6 19:54 2996 -385.5 X28/3B 11/07/03 15:54 2233 -85.0 11/11/03 13:54 2436 -340.0 AR0498 M1/SF 11/18/03 08:50 1663 -69.2 AR0501 M3.9 09:50 2720 210.1 M4.5 0488 Central meridian: CR2009_290 degree in Longitude (Oct. 28) 0484 0486 Central meridian: CR2010_290 degree in Longitude (Nov. 25) 0501

AR0464 (0484, 0501) and large-scale magnetic field CR2007:290: Sept 4 CR2008:290: Oct 1 0464 0464 0464

AR0486, AR0488 and large-scale magnetic field CR2008:290: Oct 1 CR2009:290: Oct 28 0488 0486

Extremely fast halo CMEs and active regions Date (mm/dd/yy) Time (UT) Speed (cone) Accel. Flares (Preliminary) 10/21/03 03:54 1853 -226.5 AR0484 C8/SF 10/28/03 11:30 2319 -135.8 AR0486 X17/4B 10/29/03 20:54 2093 -186.6 X10/2B 11/02/03 17:30 2986 -193.3 X8/2B 11/04/03 12:06 1020 -40.6 C6 19:54 2996 -385.5 X28/3B 11/07/03 15:54 2233 -85.0 11/11/03 13:54 2436 -340.0 AR0498 M1/SF 11/18/03 08:50 1663 -69.2 AR0501 M3.9 09:50 2720 210.1 M4.5 AR0486, together with AR0488, produced a big open field area after they emerged. AR0464 (a.k.a. 0484, 0501) emerged within/close to an area with large-scale open magnetic field . ? The active regions associated with these high speed halo CMEs are closely associated with sources of already open magnetic flux, except AR0498. In this way the open magnetic field provides an avenue for CMEs to blow out.

AR0498 and large-scale magnetic field CR2009:160 0498

Conclusions The photospheric field changed dramatically in CR 2009; October 2003 Numerous dramatic high-speed CME’s blasted through the corona and heliosphere New flux emerged in such a way as to reinforce the existing structure New open flux regions had easy access to the heliosphere The ambient large-scale structure of the heliospheric current sheet changed very little! This is consistent with earlier results of Zhao & Hoeksema, JGR, 1996.