The arterial vascularisation of the abdominal wall with special regard to the umbilicus  D.M O'Dey, D.V Heimburg, A Prescher, N Pallua  British Journal of Plastic Surgery  Volume 57, Issue 5, Pages 392-397 (July 2004) DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2004.02.008

Figure 9 ‘Donut’-technique (A) umbilical stalk after fat resection and (B) inserted template of styropor resembling the shape of the resected fat cone. British Journal of Plastic Surgery 2004 57, 392-397DOI: (10.1016/j.bjps.2004.02.008)

Figure 1 (A) ‘hour-glass’ and (B) ‘Rhomboid’-pattern in the course of the epigastric vessels, respectively. British Journal of Plastic Surgery 2004 57, 392-397DOI: (10.1016/j.bjps.2004.02.008)

Figure 2 View of the right half of the abdominal wall showing the inferior (i) and superior (s) epigastric artery as well as the superficial epigastric artery (arrow) in a.p. projection (35/8 kV/mAs). British Journal of Plastic Surgery 2004 57, 392-397DOI: (10.1016/j.bjps.2004.02.008)

Figure 3 Extract from Fig. 2 with demonstration of lateral (arrow dot) and medial (arrow) branch of the inferior epigastric artery in a.p. projection (35/8 kV/mAs). British Journal of Plastic Surgery 2004 57, 392-397DOI: (10.1016/j.bjps.2004.02.008)

Figure 4 View of a longitudinal segment (full thickness strip) of the abdominal wall with demonstration of the perforators (p) in lateral projection (25/160 kV/mAs). Arrow: inferior epigastric artery. British Journal of Plastic Surgery 2004 57, 392-397DOI: (10.1016/j.bjps.2004.02.008)

Figure 8 Left lateral abdominal wall with demonstration of the anastomoses (arrows) between the epigastric and inferior intercostal (ic) vessels in a.p. projection (35/8 kV/mAs). British Journal of Plastic Surgery 2004 57, 392-397DOI: (10.1016/j.bjps.2004.02.008)

Figure 10 Overview of the abdominal wall showing the inferior and superior epigastric artery as well as the superficial epigastric artery (arrow) in a.p. projection. rectangle: umbilical area (35/8 kV/mAs). British Journal of Plastic Surgery 2004 57, 392-397DOI: (10.1016/j.bjps.2004.02.008)

Figure 5 View of the dissected umbilicus in a.p. projection (35/8 kV/mAs). Borders of the resected fat part in ‘donut-technique’ (d), star: umbilical skin pedicle, arrows: inferior epigastric artery. British Journal of Plastic Surgery 2004 57, 392-397DOI: (10.1016/j.bjps.2004.02.008)

Figure 6 Extract from Fig. 5 star: umbilical skin pedicle, arrow: base of umbilical pedicle, arrow dots: umbilical branches (35/8 kV/mAs). British Journal of Plastic Surgery 2004 57, 392-397DOI: (10.1016/j.bjps.2004.02.008)

Figure 7 Isolated umbilicus with demonstration (25/160 kV/mAs) of the umbilical branches of the medial branch of the inferior epigastric artery (arrow dots). British Journal of Plastic Surgery 2004 57, 392-397DOI: (10.1016/j.bjps.2004.02.008)