Classification of congenital heart diseases Left-to-right shunting Atrial septal defect Ventricular septal defect Ductus Botalli persistens Atrioventricular septal defect Cyanotic (Right-to-left shunting) Tetralogy of Fallot Transposition of the Great Arteries Tricuspid atresia Pulmonary atresia Ebstein anomaly Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection Single Ventricle Obstruction Congenital aortic stenosis Pulmonary stenosis Coarctation of the aorta

Atrial septal defect (ASD) 5-10% of congenital heart diseases Paradox embolisation!

Treatment for ASD Direct closure Patch plasty

Ventricular septal defect (VSD) 20% There is a tendency of spontaneous closure of VSD when it is a smaller one

We can ligate or clip the ductus or close it with a patch

Patch plasty

Complete transposition of the Great Arteries Switch operation – correction at arterial level Atrial Switch: Senning or Mastard operation -correction at atrial level – redirect systemic and pulmonary venous flow 5-7%

Tetralogy of Fallot (10%) Incision in RV Right-to-left shunting, cyanosis Polyglobulia Dyspnoe Digital clubbing, cyanotic nail beds Aorta is biventricular in origin- the pressure is almost the same in LV and RV Reconstruction of pulmonary stenosis

Vascular ring Double aortic arch – forms a ring Compression of the trachea and esophagus