Motion, Speed & Velocity Chapter 10 Motion, Speed & Velocity

Motion, Speed and Velocity MOTION: an object’s ______________________________________ relative to a ______________________________________

Motion, Speed and Velocity DISTANCE: measures the _________________________________________________ Can be straight or ________________________________ Total amount covered SI units = _______________________________________ Example: 5 meters (m) A B

Motion, Speed and Velocity DISPLACEMENT: the change in the position of an object Always indicates a _______________________________ Always in a _____________________________________ Measures only from the _________________________________________ to the ______________________________________________ Example: 5 meters to the east A B

Which line is displacement? Motion, Speed and Velocity Which line is displacement? Which line is distance? END START

THINK! Give one example of distance and one example of displacement (include units): Distance: Displacement:

Motion, Speed and Velocity SPEED: distance traveled divided by the time during which motion occurred. Need to measure Length & Time Can’t be _________________________________ Common SI unit: ________________________________________ ________________________________________

3 TYPES OF SPEED ___________________________ (speed not changing) Example: using cruise control ___________________________ (Total distance divided by total time) Example: the entire trip speed ___________________________ (speed at any given moment) Example: using a speedometer/radar gun Main Street PP Second Street Front Street W Route 33

Motion, Speed and Velocity VELOCITY: the speed of an object in a particular direction Must include the ______________________________ object travels Example: East, West, North, South, Up, Down, towards the school etc. Speed = Distance v = d Time t _______________________ negative v = d/t d = v * t t = d/v d v t

Motion, Speed and Velocity RESULTANT VELOCITY: ______________________________________ ______________________________ velocities Example: Boat moving on flowing river, Person walking on airplane, etc.

THINK! How are velocity and speed the same? How are they different (include units)?

Velocity Practice Problem #1 Motion, Speed and Velocity A car heading east travels 180 kilometers (km) in 2 hours. How fast is the car traveling? d = t = v = d v t

Velocity Practice Problem #2 Motion, Speed and Velocity A hockey player skating at 5 m/s during practice, skates for 10,000 seconds. How far did he skate? d = t = v = d v t

Velocity Practice Problem #3 Motion, Speed and Velocity When flying their 500 mile journey for the winter, geese fly at a speed of 25 mph. How long does it take the geese to travel south? d = t = v = d v t

Comparisons Distance & Speed _____Direction (Scalar) ___________negative Displacement & Velocity ________Direction (Vector)___________negative

GRAPHING VELOCITY/SPEED x-axis = time y-axis = displacement (or distance) slope = velocity/speed y-axis faster slope = velocity = d2 – d1 t2 – t1 d = displacement t = time slope = velocity Example for Top Line slope = velocity = 100m – 0m 60s – 0s = 100m 60s = 1.67m/s slower starting point x-axis

COMMON DISPLACEMENT/TIME GRAPH TRENDS Straight diagonal line up = constant speed away from start Straight diagonal line down = constant speed toward start Straight horizontal line = speed equals zero (stopped) Curved up = acceleration Sloped down = deceleration

Graphs for 2 Runners Which graph shows one runner starting 10 yards in front of the other runner? Which graph shows one runner ending 40 yards away from the starting point? Which graph shows both runners ending at the same place at the same time?

Graphs for 2 Runners Which graph shows both runners moving at the same velocity? Which graph shows one runner passing the other runner? Which graph shows that one runner ran a total of 30 yards while the other runner ran a total of 10 yards?