© 2012 Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 04 © 2012 Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.

© 2012 Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 4-1 © 2012 Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.

© 2012 Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 4-2 © 2012 Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.

© 2012 Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 4-3 © 2012 Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.

© 2012 Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 4-4 © 2012 Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.

© 2012 Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved. Figure 4-5 © 2012 Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.