Themes In Chinese Philosophy.

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Themes In Chinese Philosophy

The End of Feudal China Collapse of Zhou Dynasty Disintegration of state Social disorder Rise of independent kingdoms

The Hundred Schools of Thought Only Six were important School of Names (名家, míngjiā) Yin-Yang School (陰陽家, yīnyángjiā) Confucianism (儒家, rújiā) Taoism (道家, dàojiā) Mohism (墨家, mòjiā) Legalism (法家, fǎjiā)

The Social Order Looking for the Way to behave Dào (道) The goal is to promote Harmony

Nostalgia Unity: China ought to be a single state with one ruler He has the Mandate of Heaven (天命, tiānmìng) He is the Son of Heaven (天子 tiānzì) He rules all Under Heaven (天下, tiān xià) Note: Heaven is partly a divinity and partly Nature

Nostalgia BC2200-771 5 emperors, Xia, Shang, Zhou 771-221 Spring & Autumn, Warring States 221-220 Qin, Han 220-589 3 kingdoms, Jin, North and South 580-907 Sui, Tang 907-960 5 dynasties, 10 kingdoms 960-1127 Song 1127-1279 Song, Jin 1279-1911 Yuan, Ming, Qing

Nostalgia Precedent: the preferred validator The Five Emperors Yu (禹) The Yellow Emperor (黃帝, huángdì) Zhuānxū (顓頊) Dì Kù (帝嚳) Yao (堯) Shun (舜) Yu (禹)

Nostalgia Precedent: the preferred validator The Five Classics Classic of Changes (易經, Yi Jīng). Classic of Poetry (詩經, Shī Jīng). Classic of History (書經, Shū Jīng). Book of Rites (禮記 Lǐ Jì). Spring and Autumn Annals (春秋 Chūn Qiū).

Nostalgia The centrality of the family

Idealisation of Nature Nature has a Yin-Yang duality The alternation of the two creates cycles

Human Nature Is Man Good or Bad? Every man should aim to be a sage (聖, shèng)