Latent adenoviral infection modifies the steroid response in allergic lung inflammation Katsuhiko Yamada, MDa, W.Mark Elliott, PhDa, Shizu Hayashi, PhDa,

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Latent adenoviral infection modifies the steroid response in allergic lung inflammation Katsuhiko Yamada, MDa, W.Mark Elliott, PhDa, Shizu Hayashi, PhDa, Ralph Brattsand, PhDb, Clive Roberts, PhDa, Timothy Z. Vitalis, PhDa, James C. Hogg, MDa Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Volume 106, Issue 5, Pages 844-851 (November 2000) DOI: 10.1067/mai.2000.110473 Copyright © 2000 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of the experimental protocol. See text for further explanation. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2000 106, 844-851DOI: (10.1067/mai.2000.110473) Copyright © 2000 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Inflammatory cells in the airways and parenchyma of (A) adenovirus 5 (Ad5) –infected animals compared with sham-infected animals and of (B) OA-sensitized and challenged animals compared with sham-sensitized and challenged animals. P values shown here are from a two-way ANOVA. Note that latent adenoviral infection increased CD8+ cells in the airways and parenchyma and also increased numbers of B cells (B) , macrophages (Mac) , and CD4+ cells in the parenchyma. OA sensitization and challenge increased numbers of eosinophils (Eos) , B cells, macrophages, and CD4+ cells in both compartments without affecting CD8+ cells. ANOVA showed that the effects of latent adenoviral infection and allergen challenge occurred independently without interaction when both were delivered to the same animal. The ratios were prepared from the data shown in Tables I and II. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2000 106, 844-851DOI: (10.1067/mai.2000.110473) Copyright © 2000 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Effects of steroid treatment on inflammatory cells in (A) the airways and (B) the parenchyma of the sham-infected groups (open bars) and adenovirus-infected groups (filled bars) . P values shown here from unpaired t tests were corrected for multiple comparisons by using the Bonferroni method. Note that steroid treatment decreased the eosinophilic response in the airways of the sham-infected but not the adenovirus-infected group. See text for further explanation. OA, Ovalbumin challenge; S, steroid treatment. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2000 106, 844-851DOI: (10.1067/mai.2000.110473) Copyright © 2000 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Eosinophil and CD8+ cell infiltration in the airways demonstrated with Hansel’s stain and immunohistochemistry, respectively. A, Airway eosinophilia (arrows) induced by OA sensitization and challenge of a sham-infected guinea pig. B, Airway of a sham-infected guinea pig sensitized and challenged with OA and treated with steroids in which the number of eosinophils is reduced. C, Airway eosinophilia (arrows) of an adenovirus-infected, OA-sensitized and challenged guinea pig. D, Airway of an adenovirus-infected, OA-sensitized and challenged guinea pig showing that steroid treatment failed to reduce airway eosinophilia (arrows) . E, CD8+ cell infiltration (arrowheads) in the airway of an adenovirus-infected guinea pig sensitized and challenged with OA. F, Airway of an adenovirus-infected, OA-sensitized and challenged guinea pig showing that steroid treatment reduced CD8+ cells. Bar represents 50 μm. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2000 106, 844-851DOI: (10.1067/mai.2000.110473) Copyright © 2000 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions