Progressivism

The Rise of Progressivism Began at the end of the 1800s Living and working conditions, especially in the big cities, needed reform Therefore, a series of economic, political and social reforms began

Child Labor

The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire A factory in NYC that produced textiles, mostly female workers A fire broke out in the factory in March of 1911 The emergency exit doors were locked to prevent stealing, and the workers were trapped inside 146 female workers died in the fire MAIN POINT!!!-The fire outraged many people and the deaths led to more demands for reform

Muckrakers Many progressive-era writers began exposing corruption in various institutions They became known as muckrakers Lincoln Steffens – exposed corruption in St. Louis Ida Tarbell – wrote about the corrupt practices of the Standard Oil Company Upton Sinclair – Wrote The Jungle, exposing the horrors of the meat-packing industry The Jungle led to the creation the Meat Inspection Act, which later became the FDA

The Jungle by Upton Sinclair

More Reformers Jacob Riis, How the Other Half Lives Book of photographs showing the horrifying living conditions of the urban slums Jane Addams – the Hull House First big settlement house, located in Chicago Laid the foundation for future reforms, political investigation, and opening of other settlement houses Carrie Nation – Prohibitionist Known for hacking up bars and saloons with a machete or a hatchet

Jacob Riis

Carrie Nation

Hull House

More Reformers Dorothea Dix Horace Mann Mental health and prison reform Horace Mann Education reform

Prohibition/Temperance Mostly known as a women’s issue The 18th Amendment Made the making, selling, or transporting of alcohol illegal in the United States The movement failed, increased crime rates, and was eventually repealed

The Three Progressive Presidents

Theodore Roosevelt The first of the 3 progressive presidents The first president to appear to side with strikers and labor unions rather than management Anthracite Coal Mine Strike (1902) 15,000 workers went on strike Roosevelt served as arbitrator Became a national hero for getting the workers a pay raise and also making sure the nation got coal

Roosevelt Cont’d US V. EC Knight Co. – the Supreme Court had sided with EC Knight and ruled that the gov’t could not break up certain monopolies Roosevelt claimed this ruling violated the Sherman Anti-trust Act Northern Securities v. US – Roosevelt sued the company for its monopoly on railroads The company was broken up, and Roosevelt was praised as a reformer

Conservation Roosevelt placed over 230 million acres of land under federal protection Created over 150 national parks

Roosevelt - Summary Rough Riders 1st Progressive president Fought in Cuba during Spanish-American War 1st Progressive president sided with workers for the first time Roosevelt Corollary addition to the Monroe Doctrine Authorized US to act as international police force “Big Stick” diplomacy Willing to use military to intimidate Conservation Established national parks Northern Securities v. US First successful lawsuit against a monopoly

William Taft Our heaviest president (got stuck in the White House bathtub) 2nd Progressive President Backed by Roosevelt In 1908, Roosevelt backed out of election and Taft ran in his place

Election of 1912 Taft – Republican party Woodrow Wilson – Democratic party Teddy Roosevelt – Progressive “Bull-Moose” party

Split the Republican vote, and the Democrat won Election of 1912 - Results