Chapter 11 Cloze notes

GEORGIA AGRICULTURE TAKES A HIT 1. The Boll Weevil: • The boll weevil is a destructive insect that laid its eggs in cotton plants. As the larvae matures, it devours the cotton bolls. • The insect was first swept into GA in 1915. By the early 1920s, it had destroyed nearly 2/3 of Georgia’s cotton crops.

2. The 1920s Drought: • Soon after the boll weevil crisis, a severe drought struck Georgia and the entire southeastern from 1924-1927. • The 1920s drought was the worst drought in Georgia history on record. The year 1925 was the year you could walk across the Chattahoochee River. •The drought slowed down the destruction of the boll weevil.

3. The Cost of Farm Equipment: • Farm machinery producers began to stop producing old equipment, and began to turn to new farm technology, such as the motorized tractor. • Unfortunately, the boll weevil and the drought cut farm production, making it impossible for farmers to buy new equipment.

4. The Migration of Farmers: • In the late 1920s, many farmers began to leave the farm and move to the city to find work.

THE GREAT DEPRESSION • The Great Depression was the longest period of high unemployment and low economic activity in modern history. • The stock market crash of 1929 triggered the collapse of banks, the failure of businesses, and the start of the Great Depression. Herbert Hoover’s policies are blamed for the Great Depression. Laissez-faire policies of the government helped bring about the depression by not doing anything to help solve problem

THE NEW DEAL • FDR’s program to end the Great Depression was called the New Deal. • Four of FDR’s New Deal programs had particularly significant impact on Georgia: 1.The Civilian Conservation Corps(CCC) – This agency was created to put young men to work in projects aimed at conserving the nation’s natural resources 2.The Agricultural Adjustment Act(AAA) was passed to pay farmers subsidies in order to not grow certain products, restrict supply, and drive prices up 3.Rural Electrification offered low-interest loans to organizations to build power lines in rural areas. 4.Social Security – The Social Security Act created insurance for elderly, unemployed, and disabled people through contributions made by employees and their employers. The New Deal did not provide loans to students.

EUGENE TALMADGE 1. served three times as governor. 2. Farmers backed Talmadge 3. As governor, Talmadge resisted efforts to give more civil rights to African Americans. 4. Talmadge believed in low taxes and limited government, and he became a bitter opponent of increased government under FDR’s New Deal. 5. Eugene Talmadge spoke out against the New Deal and blacks. 6. Talmadge reduced property taxes. 7. UGA lost accreditation because E. Talmadge fired 2 UGA administrators who supported integration. 8. E. Talmadge put down a strike in the textile industry. 9. E. Talmadge ran for U.S. senator in 1936 and lost. 10. The only friends the rural voters have E. Talmadge, God and Sears Roebuck.

World War II 1. The US started the lend-lease program because its allies ran out of money to purchase equipment. 2. Before the bombing of Pearl Harbor, the only involvement was the lend-lease to Britain and Soviet Union 3. The Bell Aircraft Company is now part of Lockheed Martin plant. 4. Georgia was used for military bases to train large number of troops 5. Fort Oglethorpe was used to train women in the WAAC 6. Fort McPherson was used as an induction center for newly drafted soldiers. 7. Liberty ships were cargo ships. 8. Liberty ships were built in Brunswick and Savannah.

Richard Russell 1. Richard Russell gave leadership in the Senate as a result of his length of service. 2. Richard Russell is known as the father of the school lunch program. 3. Richard Russell was the youngest GA governor.

Carl Vinson 1. Carl Vinson is known as the father of the two ocean navy 2. Carl Vinson supported easing labor restrictions in the shipbuilding industry