AIM: How do we differentiate between different types of Industry? Do Now: What makes a country industrialized?

Do Now: Can you name a major North American city that is not located on a river or with access to the ocean?

Why is Vegas located where it is?

Las Vegas started as a stopover on the pioneer trails to the west, and became a popular railroad town in the early 1900s. It was a staging point for all the mines in the surrounding area, especially those around the town of Bullfrog, that shipped their goods out to the rest of the country. With the proliferation of the railroads, Las Vegas became less important but the completion of the nearby Hoover Dam in 1935 resulted in the growth of residents and tourism.

Can you name any major cities in other parts of the world that are not located near any body of water?

The availability of efficient transportation (not to mention water) is fundamental to a city with industrial output at any appreciable scale. Pittsburgh 

Industrial Revolution Some countries are more developed than others. This “development gap” grew much greater with the onset of the Industrial Revolution. This revolution began in the late 1700s and is still continuing today. Where did the Industrial Revolution begin and why?

Great Britain! Due to an abundance of coal, Great Britain developed a very strong steel industry. It also had an abundance of skilled mechanics and engineers. Two English inventions, the spinning jenny, and the steam engine spurred the revolution.

Industrial Revolution Spreads Phase 1 (1770-1880) Diffused to Belgium, the Netherlands, USA, and France Phase 2 (1880-1950) Diffused to Japan, Russia, Canada, and other Western places primarily associated with the United Kingdom. Phase 3 (1950s-present) Israel and Pacific Rim countries.

Vocabulary! Primary Industries – all primary industries extract natural resources from the earth. Commodities – When resources are traded, sold, and assigned value, they become commodities. What would be a good example of a primary industry?

Farming

Mining

Fishing

Forestry

What types of countries do you think have economies dominated by primary sector industries?

Staple Theory A staple is a primary resource that dominates the exports of an economy. What was the staple of the United States just prior to the Civil War?

Staple Theory Posits that the resource geography of an area shapes its economic systems through linkages. Linkages are activities that work in conjunction with primary industries. Forward linkages – where the primary resource is sent to be turned into something ie: copper ore goes to a refinery. Backward linkage – Logging companies require saw blade manufacturers. Demand linkages – demand for the purchase of consumer goods by the workers. IE: workers get money, then want to buy things.

Are LDCs or MDCs more likely to be reliant on specific commodities, and primary sector industries?

Secondary Sector Industry Secondary industries assemble, process, or manufacture raw or semi-processed materials into useful products, fuels or finished goods. includes those economic sectors that create a finished, tangible product: production and construction. Heavy Manufacturing – refer to fabrication of items such as steel, nuclear fuel, chemical products and durable, heavy goods. Light Manufacturing – clothing, small appliances, food products, medical instruments, beverages.

Where are your clothes made? Where was your backpack made? Where were your writing utensils made? Where were your hats made?

Where are your smartphones made?

Secondary Industry Which countries dominate this sector today?

Tertiary Sector of the Economy The tertiary sector of industry involves the provision of services to other businesses as well as final consumers. Services may involve the transport, distribution and sale of goods from producer to a consumer, as may happen in wholesaling and retailing, or may involve the provision of a service, such as in pest control or entertainment. What types of countries have economies dominated by services?