The Preschool Child With a Major Illness Chapter 21

Sensory/Neurologic Disorders Vision impairment Types of vision impairment Errors of refraction Myopia (nearsightedness) Hyperopia Astigmatism Blindness Clinical manifestations and diagnosis Treatment and education Nursing care for the visually impaired child

Sensory/Neurologic Disorders (cont.) Hearing impairment Conductive hearing loss Sensorineural (perceptive) hearing loss Mixed hearing loss Central auditory dysfunction

Sensory/Neurologic Disorders (cont.) Reye syndrome Nursing process Cerebral palsy Causes Prevention Clinical manifestations and types

Sensory/Neurologic Disorders (cont.) Mental retardation Causes Prenatal Perinatal Postnatal Clinical manifestations Treatment and education

Nursing Process for the Child With Cognitive Impairment Assessment Nursing diagnoses Outcome identification and planning Implementation Evaluation

Respiratory Disorders: Tonsillitis and Adenoiditis Clinical manifestations and diagnosis Treatment and nursing care Nursing process for the child having a tonsillectomy Assessment Diagnoses Outcome identification and planning Implementation Evaluation

Hematologic Disorders Hemophilia Mechanisms of clot formation Common types of hemophilia Factor VII deficiency Factor IX deficiency Clinical manifestations Diagnosis Treatment Nursing process for the child with hemophilia

Hematologic Disorders (cont.) Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: most common type of purpura Clinical manifestations and diagnosis Treatment and nursing care Acute leukemia (ALL): 70% to 75% of all childhood cancers Pathophysiology Clinical manifestations Diagnosis Treatment Nursing process

Genitourinary Disorders Acute glomerulonephritis Clinical manifestations: presenting symptoms appear 1 to 3 weeks after the onset of a streptococcal infection; oliguria Treatment Nursing care

Genitourinary Disorders (cont.) Nephrotic syndrome Clinical manifestations Diagnosis Treatment Nursing process for the child with nephrotic syndrome

Communicable Diseases of Childhood Prevention Nursing care

Communicable Diseases Terminology

Communicable Diseases of Childhood Refer to Table 21.5