Chapter 18-The First World War Section 1 Notes- A World Crisis Chapter 18-The First World War

Vocabulary Please complete the vocabulary on pg. 582 on your vocabulary sheet under section 1 Do not do other sections yet!

The Inside Story pg. 582 Gavrilo Princip was a 19 year old member of the Black Hand He lived in the country of Bosnia which was ruled by Austria-Hungary The Black Hand heard that the Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie were coming to visit Bosnia June 28, 1914- Princip and 6 other terrorists positioned themselves around the city waiting to assassinate the Archduke and his wife Princip was hungry and went to get a sandwich

Assassination cont. When he went to get a sandwich he came out of the sandwich shop and noticed the convertible with the Archduke and his wife He dropped his sandwich and killed Franz Ferdinand and Sophie in close range They were taken to the governor’s house for medical treatment Sophie died in the car before getting there and Franz died ten minutes later

The Trial Here is what happened to the members of the black hand: Name Sentence Gavrilo Princip 20 years Nedjelko Čabrinović Trifun Grabež Vaso Čubrilović 16 years Cvjetko Popović 13 years Lazar Djukić 10 years Danilo Ilić Death by hanging (executed 3 February 1915) Veljko Čubrilović Nedjo Kerović Death by hanging; commuted to 20 years in prison by Kaiser Franz-Joseph based on Finance Minister recommendation Mihaijlo Jovanović Jakov Milović Death by hanging; commuted to life in prison by Kaiser Franz-Joseph based on court and Finance Minister recommendation Mitar Kerović Life in prison Ivo Kranjcević Branko Zagorac 3 years Marko Perin Cvijan Stjepanović 7 years Nine Defendants Acquitted The Trial Here is what happened to the members of the black hand:

Movie clip on assassination http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8JujIWIx7Ss

Causes of World War I Nationalism Imperialism Militarism Alliances Using pg. 583 in your text, I want you to fill in the boxes with details about the four main causes of WWI

M.A.I.N M- A- I- N-

Alliances Germany Austria-Hungary Italy Great Britain France Russia Triple alliance Triple Entente

War Breaks Out Austria Hungary declares war on Serbia Russia promised to protect Serbia Germany promised to protect Austria-Hungary and declared war on Russia Germany declared war on France Great Britain declares war on Germany All out war had begun

Germans take Belgium Germany made the first move August 4, 1914 Germany invades neutral Belgium Great Britain had promised to protect Belgium Great Britain declared war on Germany

Another name for alliances Central Powers- Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire (Turkey) Allied Powers- Great Britain, France, Russia, and Italy (would join this side) Over 30 nations would join this side before the war was over Germany attacked Belgium hard burning villages, killing women and children

A new kind of warfare The French heard of the attack on Belgium and rushed to the front They wore uniforms from 40 years prior that were bright red Germans were dressed in gray which served as better camouflage French fought old fashioned as well in two lines with their bayonets They were met with a hail of bullets from German machine guns

Germany and France cont. Germany had machine guns that could fire 600 bullets per minute In early battles, French soldiers died at a rate of 15,000 a day Germany thought that the war would be over before the leaves would fall It would last over 4 years

The First Battle of the Marne Germany advanced through Northern France and were 25 miles from Paris The French launched a counterattack along the Marne River on September 7, 1914 2 million men fought along 125 miles of river After 5 days and 250,000 lives lost, the French pushed the Germans back 40 miles

Battle of the Marne

The War Reaches a Stalemate Both French and German soldiers dug trenches or deep ditches to seek protection from the enemy There were two systems of trenches that stretched 400 miles across western Europe

Trench Warfare

Trench warfare Men lived and fought from the trenches It was hard to capture the enemies trenches because of machine guns If they stood up to fire, they lost the protection of the trench The area in between the trenches was called no-man’s land Trench warfare caused a stalemate

Rats (especially brown rats that would eat human eyes and livers) Lice Trench foot Trench mouth Trench diseases

New Weapons Poison gas (canisters of gas) Soldiers on both sides started wearing gas masks Tanks- used to travel through no-man’s land Airplanes Machine guns Barbed wire

Airplanes

Submarines (U-boats)

Machine gun

Poison Gas

Tank The tank was introduced by the British in 1916 to smash through barbed wire that protected the trenches By the end of the war, both sides were using tanks

Video clip http://app.discoveryeducation.com/player/?assetGuid=eb7d001c-ae65-4028-807f-68d8b737fbbb&fromMyDe=0&isPrinterFriendly=0&provider=&isLessonFromHealth=0&productcode=US&isAssigned=false&includeHeader=YES&homeworkGuid=