Forms of Government Mr. Scheel Civics, Unit 1
Anarchy Plato linked Democracy to Anarchy State of Nature - Hobbes No government; rule by no one State of Nature - Hobbes Can happen if central gov’t is destroyed Ex: Somalia Plato linked Democracy to Anarchy Political Cartoon Depicting “Red Anarchy”
Aristocracy/Oligarchy Rule by small group of society’s elites Unlimited power in the hands of few Ex:
Communist State ownership and control of property and means of production Gov’t controls economic policy What is produced How it is produced Who gets it Single party Purpose to achieve classless society where all goods shared equally by the people Ex: USSR, China, Vietnam, Cuba
Confederation Alliance of independent states united by a weak central government. Central government has select, limited powers Ex: EU, CSA, Articles of Confederation
Democracy Rule by majority/Rule by the people. Direct or Indirect Ex: USA
Dictatorship Rule by one Single, non-elected leader. Uses force to keep control. Ex: Nazi Germany
Fascist Centralized gov’t headed by a dictator Violently nationalist Individual is subordinate to the state Gov’t controls the economy Associated with community decline and victimhood Ex: Italy during WWII
Monarchy Rule by one Can be limited or unlimited Unlimited- monarch has absolute power Limited- example is constitutional monarchy with a democratic gov’t and parliament Ex: UK – Constitutional Japan - Constitutional Saudi Arabia - Absolute
Military Junta Rule by a small group of military leaders Usually overthrow prior government Unlimited power Rule by force Ex: South Vietnam, Fiji, Madagascar
Republic Gov’t made up of elected representatives of the people. Indirect Democracy No monarch Head of country is usually a president. Ex: USA
Socialist Authoritarian or democratic Gov’t ownership of economy Gov’t says what is produced, how it is produced, and who gets it. Ex: East Germany
Theocracy Rule on behalf of a set of religious ideas or as a direct agent of a religion. Ex: Vatican City, Iran, Tibet (Dalai Lama)