The Great War (World War One)

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Presentation transcript:

The Great War (World War One) Contents entry & Page heading Cornell Notes: The Great War

Background (pg. 841) Early 1900s Europe had been peaceful for decades Many believed war was a thing of the past Peace is popular - many peace advocacy groups So-called “Peace Congresses” meet to discuss issues without fighting

Rising Tensions in Europe (pp. 841-842) Nationalism = Strong devotion to one’s nation: Good for national pride and strength Bad for creating rivalries with other nations Nations bickered about... Materials & Resources Territory Independence Imperialism (i.e. who had claim to what/where) Militarism = Glorifying military power, and building-up military force: Good for imperialism and national pride Bad for making other nations nervous Other nations react by building-up their own militaries

Tangled Alliances (pp. 842-843) Chancellor Bismarck creates alliances to make Germany the power-player in Europe... 1879: forges the “Dual Alliance” with Austria-Hungary 1882: Italy joins Dual Alliance; renamed “Triple Alliance” 1881: Creates a treaty with Russia 1888: Wilhelm II becomes Germany’s Kaiser (king) 1890: Wilhelm fires Bismarck and lets the Russian treaty expire 1892: Russia makes treaty with France (strengthened in 1894) Bismarck’s fear because now Germany had enemies on both sides 1907: Great Britain makes a treaty with France and Russia (Triple Entente) Stage is set for trouble: Triple Alliance nations vs. Triple Entente nations

Crisis in the Balkans - A (pp. 843-844) Ottoman Empire ruled the Balkan Peninsula in SW Europe; some regions had broken away to become independent states: Bulgaria, Greece, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia Serbia had a large ethnic Slavic population and was supported by Russia to absorb all Slavs in the Balkans Austria-Hungary feared a large, powerful new Slavic nation on their border being allied with Russia (Russia is also a Slavic nation) 1908: A-H takes over Bosnia and Herzegovina, Balkan regions with large Slavic populations Serbia wanted B&H for itself, and vowed to take B&H back from A-H; A-H vowed to stop such a thing from happening (uh-oh ... them’s is fightin’ words!)

Crisis in the Balkans - B (pp. 843-844) June 28, 1914, Archduke Franz Ferdinand (heir to A-H throne) was assassinated while visiting Bosnia. Assassin was a 19-year-old Serbian man. A-H used the assassination and fact that the assassin was a Serbian to punish Serbia. A-H sent Serbian leaders harsh demands for retribution. Serbia couldn’t fight A-H, so agreed to most demands but asked for an international conference to settle others. A-H refused and sent troops to Serbian border. Russia responded by sending troops to the A-H border. European leaders in Britain, Italy, and Germany urged negotiations but it was too late...

Assigned Tasks Summarize your Cornell notes Answer each of the following in your notebook: How do imperialism and militarism combine to promote war? What is one logical argument against militarism? What did Bismarck mean by calling Germany “a satisfied power”? How could a dispute between the Triple Alliance and the Triple Entente draw all of Europe into a conflict? How did nationalism contribute to the unrest in the Balkans? What act by A-H set Europe on the path to WWI? Geography Skillbuilder questions on page 843