Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid

Structure and function of DNA DNA is molecule shaped like a double helix, located inside the cell nucleus Two chains linked by pairs of bases, the whole structure looks like a ladder Each rung is formed by a base pair

4 bases: adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine - Each bases only pairs with one other type of base: Adenine(A) always with thymine (T) Cytosine( C ) always with guanine (G)

Base pairs are arranged in a sequence along the double helix DNA Arranged like a language Individual's or species’ genome: the entire base pair sequencing Ex. Human= 3 million base pairs Human Genome: complete set of genetic information on an individual or species

Gene A job segment of DNA that contains the genetic information required to carry out a particular function. Human genome: approx. 25 000 genes Determines how body works, and characteristics. Ex. Hair colour, how lungs function etc.

Genetic Diversity All individuals have unique DNA (except identical twins) Each gene different variety & form ex. Eye & hair colour Genetic Diversity: includes all the possible genetic variations of a species

Activity Do “Decode Yourself” Refer to pages 128-130 in textbook

Homework: Read p. 128-130 Do. #’s 3-7, p. 152 TB