Good Morning!!! Which would you rather fight?? Ten duck-sized Horses!?

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Presentation transcript:

Good Morning!!! Which would you rather fight?? Ten duck-sized Horses!? Or one Horse Sized Duck??

SURPRISE EXTRA WARM UP How in the world did you come up with that answer? Explain your process step by step

Thinking & Intelligence in a Day.

Thinking What is thinking? Mental activity Used in understanding Processing Communicating information.

3 Units of Thought SYMBOLS – objects or acts that stand for something else CONCEPTS – mentally grouping together objects, events, or ideas that have similar characteristics such as dogs, horses, etc. PROTOTYPES – examples of concepts that best exemplify that concept

Problem Solving Algorithms Heuristics Procedures to solve a problem (formulas) But complex, time consuming, impractical Heuristics Rules of thumb (shortcuts). Faster but not as reliable.

Problem Solving Methods Trial and Error. Which key works in this lock? Difference Reduction. I am going to VA so I need to drive N not S. Means-End Analysis. We can do (means); certain results (end). This tastes like crap. Should I add S&P? Working Backward. Look at the final goal; figure out how to get there. Analogies. If : Then.

Insight. Wolfgang Kohler. Flash of Insight! Sudden Understanding… A-ha! It just comes to us on our own. Wolfgang Kohler. Worked with Chimps Sometimes you need to walk away from a problem before a solution comes to you.

When Sultan the chimp was put in a situation where the bananas were still out of his reach after stacking the boxes, he became frustrated. He threw the stick and kicked the wall before sitting down. Suddenly, he jumped up and dragged the boxes and stick under the bananas. He then climbed up the boxes and whacked the fruit down with the stick. This suggested to Kohler that the animals were learning by reorganizing their perceptions of problems.

Sultan the Chimp

Problems with Problem Solving Fixation: the inability to see a problem from a fresh perspective Mental set: we approach problems with ways that have worked Functional fixedness: our inability to think of alternative uses. (what are scissors used for?)

Problems with Problem Solving What is one decision or problem where you made a poor decision? Why do you think this occurred?

Creativity Convergent Thinking Divergent Thinking Thought is limited to available facts. We try to narrow our thinking to find the single best solution. Divergent Thinking We associate more freely with the various elements of a problem. Which of these is best when brainstorming solutions?

Question: What steps can be used to solve problems? THE ABCDEs OF PROBLEM SOLVING Assess the problem Brainstorm approaches to the problem Choose the approach that seems most likely to work Do it – try the most likely approach Evaluate the results

Reasoning Deductive reasoning: Using general facts to draw specific conclusions South Korea is in Asia Seoul is a city in South Korea Seoul is in Asia The conclusion is always true if the facts are true!

Reasoning Inductive Reasoning The conclusion is sometimes wrong. Starts with a special case. Come up with your own!

Decision Making & Judgment Decision can me major or minor Should I take an umbrella? Should I go to college? Weigh + & -- Framing Effect: Wording affects decision making. Advertisers use certain words to get people to buy their product. (lite not thin; pro not anti; fairy not pixie) Any more words you can think of?