3.1 Cell Theory

Structure vs. Function What’s the difference between structure and function? Structure – parts put together to form a whole. Eg. Your skeleton Function – the action. Eg. Your bones allow you to move and protect your ograns What would be the structure and function of cells? Structure – atoms, molecules, organelles. Function – what these parts do. Eg. Vacuoles store materials in the cell.

Cell Theory Much research accumulated from 1665 onward using a microscope and discovering cells. The research on the cell is summarized as the Cell theory. Major principles of the cell theory: All organisms are made of cells All existing cells are produced by other living cells. The cell is the most basic unit of life.

Cells Cytoplasm – A jelly-like substance that cells are filled with. Organelles – Structures specialized to perform processes within the cell. 2 main types of cells: Prokaryotic – no nucleus, or membrane-bound organelles. Cell’s DNA is suspended in the cytoplasm Eukaryotic – have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Nucleus has the genetic information in it.

Prokaryotic of Eukaryotic?

Prokaryotic of Eukaryotic?

Prokaryotic of Eukaryotic?

Prokaryotic of Eukaryotic?

Prokaryotic of Eukaryotic?

3.2 Cell Organelles

Cell organelles (in eukaryotic cells) Cytoskeleton – a network of proteins that forms long threads/fibers that crisscross the entire cell. It supports and shapes the cell.

Cytoskeleton 3 main types of cytoskeleton fibers: Microtubules – long hollow tubes that give cell its shape. They act as tracks for organelles to move on. Intermediate filaments – a bit smaller than microtubules, give cell its strength. Microfilaments – smallest, tiny threads that allow cell to move and divide. Eg. Muscle cell contract and relax What’s in the picture? Microtubles

Plant Cell

Animal Cell

Cell organelles Q: What is the difference between a plant and an animal cell? Plant cell – chloroplasts, central vacuole and cell wall Animal cell – centrioles and lysosomes

Cell organelle structure and function Read and write notes on the following organelles: Group 1 – Nucleus, Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER), Ribosomes, Golgi Apparatus, Vesicles, and Mitochondria. Group 2 – Vacuoles, Lysosomes, Centrosome and Centrioles, Cell Walls, Chloroplasts. Once finished, find a partner from the opposite group and share your answers to complete your worksheet

Extra time/HW Go onto Classzone and complete the interactive Cell structure activity Tomorrow – team challenge based on the organelles