Remember this from Page 7R?, Thermal Energy Heat energy Vibrate A rapid, back and forth motion ….OK we need to add a little more “energy” to Thermal Energy

Changing States of Matter Add this title to the top of page 11R Changing States of Matter A Physical Property

Add this to page 11R Thermal Energy: The total energy of a substance’s particles due to movement or vibration. Something hot will have more thermal energy than when it is cool. Adding or removing thermal energy makes matter change states.

Phase Change is a change from one state (solid or liquid or gas) to another without a change in chemical composition. ice liquid = phase change for water. water boils steam = phase change for water.

States of matter Copy this to page 11R Three common states of matter on earth: 1) Solid 2) Liquid 3) Gas Fourth state of matter common in the universe: 4) Plasma

States of Matter Copy to page 12R A solid is matter that has a definite shape and a definite volume. Particles are closely packed. (show video 0 to 2:24) A liquid is matter that has a definite volume but does not have a definite shape. Particles are more free to move. (2:24 to 4:04) A gas is matter that does not have a definite shape or a definite volume. Particles are free to move and move fast enough to bounce off each other. (4:04 to 7:57)

States of Matter copy to page 12R Plasma, consider plasma a gas that has been energized and can give off energy. Plasma is not common on earth but the most common state in the universe. Examples: fluorescent lights, the Sun (7:57-847) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wispy_%27Plasma_Dancer%27_on_the_limb_of_the_Sun.ogv

Melting: The change in state of a solid to a liquid. Page 13R – 15R Melting: The change in state of a solid to a liquid. Requires increasing thermal energy so the molecules vibrate faster. Example - The melting point of ice is 0 deg Celsius. Melting Point The temperature when melting starts to occur. (video 8:50-11:09) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Melting_icecubes.gif

Vaporization: The change in state of a liquid to a gas. Requires increasing thermal energy. Two types of vaporization are boiling and evaporation. Example - The boiling point of water is 100oC. Vaporization Point The temperature when boiling or evaporation starts to occur. (11:09 – 12:34)

2 kinds of vaporization READ ONLY: Evaporation: Vaporization that happens ONLY at the surface of a liquid. Due to increasing thermal energy along with air pressure and surface tension Example: Water evaporates from a lake or ocean. Boiling: Vaporization that happens at the surface and below the surface of a liquid. Due to adding heat to the substance. Example: The boiling point of water is 100 deg Celsius.

Condensation: The change in state of a gas to a liquid. Requires decreasing thermal energy. (video 12:35 – 13:06)

Freezing: The change in state of a liquid to a solid this requires decreasing thermal energy so the molecules vibrate slower. Example - The freezing point of water is 0 deg Celsius. Freezing Point The temperature when freezing occurs. (video 13:07 to 13:35)

Sublimation: Change in state from a solid directly to a gas. Requires increasing thermal energy Examples: dry ice, moth balls, snow on very cold day. (video 13:35 – 14:25) Video questions and discussion (video14:25 to end)

Graphic Organizer Place on page 13 L Solid Liquid Gas Increase t _ _ _ _ _ _ e _ _ _ _ _ Solid Liquid Gas Decrease t_ _ _ _ _ _ e _ _ _ _ _

Using the word bank draw and label this diagram on changing the states of matter. This goes on page 14L…use a pencil Melting, Solid, Condensation, Freezing, Sublimation, Gas, Vaporization. Liquid

Changing States of Matter…check your answers Sublimation Melting Vaporization Solid Gas Liquid Freezing Condensation