TRANSLATION SBI 4UI – 5.4.

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TRANSLATION SBI 4UI – 5.4

Transportation mRNA exits the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm mRNA can now begin translation

The Ribosome Recognize 5’ cap of mRNA In eukaryotes Binding with it Consists of 2 subunits The subunits clamp the mRNA Moving in 5’ to 3’ direction Adding an amino acid for each codon Known as a reading frame

The Role of tRNA Amino acids must be delivered to the ribosome To build polypeptide

tRNA structure Single-stranded nucleic acid Looks like a cloverleaf Recognition of mRNA is through complementary base pairing

(a) known as anticodon Opposite end carries appropriate amino acid

Polypeptide Elongation First codon is the start codon AUG (methionine) Ribosome has 2 sites for tRNA A site – acceptor P site – peptide

Polypeptide Elongation tRNA carries methionine to P site Next tRNA with required amino acid enters A site Peptide bond occurs Ribosome shifts one codon for next tRNA Translocation

Termination of Protein Synthesis Ribosome will reach one of three “stop” codons UGA, UAG, UAA Release factor protein Releases polypeptide chain from ribosome mRNA released from ribosome

Questions?

To Do Section 5.4 Understanding Concepts #1-9