August 27th, 2018 2. What is the control in an experiment? DO NOW #4 August 27th, 2018 1. What safety equipment is important when heating glass? 2. What is the control in an experiment? 3. What are constants in an experiment? 4. Give an example of an observation. 5. Give an example of an inference. 6. True or False. An experiment went wrong if your hypothesis is incorrect. Explain your answer. FIRST FIVE CHECK Pick up materials. Find seat. Organize desk and prepare for class. Write down homework. Begin Do Now

DO NOW #4 ANSWERS What safety equipment is important when heating glass? Safety goggles are important when heating glass because they protect your eyes from flying glass or shards. What is the control in an experiment? The control in an experiment is the group that serves as the basis often because it is not manipulated in any way. What are constants in an experiment? Constants are the aspects of the experiment that you must keep the same between all test groups to ensure you are only testing one variable.

DO NOW #4 ANSWERS Give an example of an observation. Sample A warms faster than Sample B. Give an example of an inference. Sample A is ethanol and Sample B is water. True or False. An experiment went wrong if your hypothesis is incorrect. Explain your answer. False. A hypothesis is a testable prediction. Even if you are wrong, you still learned something and gained knowledge. Often scientists try to prove something wrong until it proves to be right.

VERBAL DRILLS Independent Variable… MANIPULATE Dependent Variable… MEASURE What is science? The process of inquiry. What is a hypothesis? A testable prediction. What is our class motto? BE UNCOMMON What are our class goals? 100% of students will surpass the district average on the EOC. 100% of students will master 75% of course objectives.

Ms. Parton Environmental Science Nature of Science Day 3 Ms. Parton Environmental Science

NOTES Most of today will be you graphing and analyzing your results from the St. John’s River Watershed investigation. We are going to review some important information first. It is your responsibility to take notes and jot down ideas as we go ON YOUR OWN SHEET OF PAPER so that you have a reference when it is time for you to apply your knowledge.

Big Idea #1: So you’ve completed an experiment… now what? Once you have completed an experiment you must analyze your results, reach conclusions, and share your results. Part of analyzing your results is creating graphs and finding evidence to support or disprove your hypothesis. Finally, you share your findings with the scientific community!

Big Idea #2: Graphs Why do scientists use graphs? Data tables provide an organized way of viewing information, and graphs are pictures of the information in a data table. Another way of saying it is that graphs are a visual representation of your data. Sometimes it is faster and easier to interpret data by looking at a graph and graphs are excellent forms of evidence when you begin making claims in your conclusion.

Big Idea #2: Graphs Parts of a Graph Title: Summarizes the information being represented in ANY graph. Independent Variable: The variable that is by manipulated by the experimenter. This is placed on the X axis. Dependent Variable: The variable that is directly impacted by the independent variable and the one that is being measured by the experimenter. This is placed on the Y axis.

Big Idea #2: Graphs Parts of a Graph Continued Scales: The number gradient on the X and Y axis. This helps visually represent your data set and plot points. Scales should make the graph realistic and manageable. They should start with 0 and climb in intervals such as multiples of 2, 5, 10, or even higher. Key: A guide to viewing the graph that explains the organization of the graph.

Types of graphs There are many ways to represent data. It is important to choose the type of graph that best illustrates your data. Here are three of the most commonly used graphs.

Big Idea #2: Graphs Bar Graph A bar graph is used to compare amounts or numbers. Often a bar graph is used to compare groups of information. For example, the rate of obesity in men and women. A bar graph is best used for comparting data quickly and easily, such as the grade distribution of students enrolled in science class or the growth of plants in different pots.

Big Idea #2: Graphs Line Graph A line graph is used to show the change of one piece of information as it relates to another change. Line graphs are often used to show changes in information over time. For example, obesity rates in America over the last decade.

Big Idea #2: Graphs Pie Chart A pie chart is used to show parts of a whole. A pie graph is best used for showing percentages, such as the percentage of the student body who picked certain entrees for lunch or the percentage of your allowance that will go toward purchasing various things.

Big Idea #2: Graphs How to Make a Bar or Line Graph First, set up your graph with an x-axis (horizontal line) and a y-axis (vertical) to represent the variables of your experiment. Label the x-axis with your independent variable or time period if a line graph. Label the y-axis with your dependent variable. Next choose a scale for each of the axes. Select evenly spaced intervals that include all your data. When you label your axes make sure to include appropriate units. Next, plot your data. Finally, give your graph a title and create a key if necessary.

Big Idea #2: Graphs How to Make a Pie Chart When you are representing a part of a whole or a percentage you should use a pie chart. Pie graphs are shaped like a circle. The size of each “pie slice” is determined by the percentage it will represent. A full pie is equal to 100 percent, half a pie is equal to 50 percent, and so on. Like a bar or line graph, a pie chart has an independent and dependent variable. The independent variable is whatever the pie or slice of pie represents (its label) and the dependent variable is the size of the pie or slice of pie (the percentage). When creating a pie chart you can often estimate the size of each slice or if you want to be exact you can use a protractor to determine the exact angle that represents your percent.

Hot question #1 What type of graph would you make to represent this data? What is the independent variable? What is the dependent variable? What would be an appropriate title?

Hot question #1 What type of graph would you make to represent this data? Pie Chart because it is represent a percentage or part of a whole. What is the independent variable? What is the dependent variable? IV: Food DV: Food Preference What would be an appropriate title? Food Preference in Rabbits

Hot question #2 What type of graph would you make to represent this data? What is the independent variable? What is the dependent variable? What would be an appropriate title?

Hot question #2 What type of graph would you make to represent this data? Line Graph because it is a change over time. What is the independent variable? What is the dependent variable? IV: Month DV: Grade in Science Class What would be an appropriate title? Albert’s Monthly Science Grade

Hot question #3 What type of graph would you make to represent this data? What is the independent variable? What is the dependent variable? What would be an appropriate title?

Hot question #3 What type of graph would you make to represent this data? Bar graph because it is comparing groups of information. What is the independent variable? What is the dependent variable? IV: Test Tube Number (Sample) DV: pH What would be an appropriate title? pH of Solutions

Big Idea #3: Conclusion & Sharing Results When you write a conclusion you must do the following: First, discuss your hypothesis. Did the data support or not support your hypothesis. Identify trends and refer to the graphs you made. When discussing data use specific quantities and use descriptive language such as decreasing or increasing. Address anything you would do different or new questions that have arisen as a result of the experiment. Once you have finished you can share your data in a presentation, lab report, paper, or poster to continue the cycle of science!

Work Period C Level 1 (Quiet Talking @ Group) H Ask three then me! Graphing and Post-Lab Questions M None P Sounds like on-topic group discussion and 100% pencils moving on task. S Success! Task List Graph Table 1 Data Graph Table 2 Data Answer After Experiment Questions #1-6.

Nature of Science Quiz Read each question carefully. DO NOT WRITE ON THE QUIZ. Mark your answer choice on your reusable bubble sheet. When you are finished, check your answers. If time remains, turn your answer sheet over and do not cause a disturbance. All students will keep their bubble sheets until the end of the timer. Desks should remain cleared and testing environment should be respected for the entire time.