UNIT-1 Introduction to Electrical Circuits Network elements classification Electric charge and current Electric energy and potential Resistance parameter , Inductance parameter and Capacitance parameter – series and parallel combination Energy sources: Ideal, Non-ideal, Independent and dependent sources, Kirchchoff’s laws and Source transformation Mesh analysis and Nodal analysis

Classification of Network Elements

Classification of Network Elements Network Elements Classification Based on the Property of the Elements Active and Passive Elements Unilateral and Bilateral Elements Lumped and Distributed Elements Based on the Response of the Elements Linear and Nonlinear Element Time invariant and Time Variant

Active and Passive Elements

Unilateral and Bilateral Elements

Lumped and Distributed Elements

Linear and Nonlinear Elements

Time invariant and Time Variant Elements

Electric Charge, Current and Electric Energy and Potential

Ohm’s Law The current passing through any element is the potential difference applied across the element.

Series and Parallel Circuits Series Circuits Parallel Circuits Resistance Inductance Capacitance Resistance Inductance Capacitance

Ideal and Non ideal sources Voltage Sources Current Sources

Dependant sources Voltage Controlled Sources Current Controlled Sources

Kirchchoff’s Laws Current Law (KCL) Voltage Law (KVL)

Source Transformation General Form Example

Mesh and Nodal Analyses Mesh Analysis Nodal Analysis

AC Fundamentals Waveform Related Terms

Phase angle, Phasor Representation and Mathematical Representation Waveform Representation Phasor Representation and Mathematical Mathematical Representation

Addition and subtraction of Phasors Addition of Phasors Subtraction of Phasors

RMS Value

Average Value

Form Factor and Peak Factor

Problem on RMS and Average

Definitions Diagram (c) Network Topology Branch Node Tree Planar Non Planar Graphs Links, Twigs No. of Links and Twigs

Incidence Matrix

Tie Set and Cut Set

UNIT-2 Steady State Analysis of A.C Circuits Response to sinusoidal excitation - pure resistance, pure inductance, pure capacitance Impedance concept and Complex Impedance Phase angle and phasor notation for R-L, R-C, R-L-C Problem solving using mesh and nodal analysis Star-Delta conversion

Pure R

Pure L

Pure C

Series RL

Impedance Triangle

Series RC

Series RLC

Star Delta Transformation

4) Network Theorems Thevenin’s Theorem Norton’s Theorem Millman’s Theorem Reciprocity Theorem Compensation Theorem Substitution Theorem Superposition Theorem Max Power Transfer Theorem Tellegen’s Theorem

1. Thevenin’s Theorem

Steps

2. Norton’s Theorem

Steps

3. Super Position Theorem

Steps

4. Maximum Power Transfer Theorem

Steps

5. Millman’s Theorem

Steps

6. Reciprocity Theorem

Steps

7. Substitution Theorem

Steps

8.Compensation Theorem

Explanation

9. Tellegen’s Theorem

Steps

Two Port Networks

AC Fundamentals Definitions of terms associated with periodic functions: Time period, Angular velocity and frequency, RMS value, Average value, Form factor and peak factor- Phase angle, Phasor representation, Addition and subtraction of phasors, Mathematical representation of sinusoidal quantities, mathematical representation Principle of Duality with examples.

Network Topology Definitions of branch, node, tree, planar, non-planar graph Incidence matrix, basic tie set schedule, basic cut set schedule.

UNIIT-2 Steady State Analysis of A.C Circuits Response to sinusoidal excitation - pure resistance, pure inductance, pure capacitance Impedance concept and Complex Impedance Phase angle and phasor notation for R-L, R-C, R-L-C Problem solving using mesh and nodal analysis Star-Delta conversion

3) a) Coupled Circuits Self inductance Mutual inductance Coefficient of coupling Analysis of coupled circuits Natural current Dot rule of coupled circuits Conductively coupled equivalent circuits

3) (b) Resonance Introduction Definition of Q Series resonance Parallel resonance Condition for maximum impedance current in anti resonance general case resistance present in both branches, anti resonance at all frequencies

4) Network Theorems Thevenin’s Theorem Norton’s Theorem Millman’s Theorem Reciprocity Theorem Compensation Theorem Substitution Theorem Superposition Theorem Max Power Transfer Theorem Tellegen’s Theorem

5) Two-port networks Relationship of two port networks Combinations Z-parameters Y-parameters Transmission line parameters Inverse Transmission line parameters h-parameters Inverse h-parameters Combinations Parallel connection of two port networks Cascading of two port networks series connection of two port networks

6) Transients First order differential equations. Definition of time constants R-L circuit, R-C circuit with DC excitation. Evaluating initial conditions procedure second order differential equations. homogeneous, non homogenous problem solving using R- L-C elements with DC excitation. AC excitation Response as related to s-plane rotation of roots. Solutions using Laplace transform method Problem solving.