Different forms of a gene allele Different forms of a gene allele

Offspring = tt ? Both parents contribute Recessive allele Offspring = tt ? Both parents contribute Recessive allele

Have 2 identical alleles for a trait homozygous Have 2 identical alleles for a trait homozygous

Independent assortment During gamete formation, genes for dif. Traits separate without influencing others (2 words) Independent assortment

One allele for a gene is not completely dominant over the other Incomplete dominance One allele for a gene is not completely dominant over the other Incomplete dominance

4 dif. Versions of the gene for rabbit coat color Multiple alleles 4 dif. Versions of the gene for rabbit coat color Multiple alleles

2 haploid cells Meiosis I produces 2 haploid cells

2 diploid cells Mitosis produces 2 diploid cells

Variation in human skin color ex. Of? Polygenic traits Variation in human skin color ex. Of? Polygenic traits

Gametes are produced by what process meiosis Gametes are produced by what process meiosis

Homologous pair of chromosomes each with 2 chromatids tetrad Homologous pair of chromosomes each with 2 chromatids tetrad

2 genes rarely assort independently, so they are located Close to each other 2 genes rarely assort independently, so they are located Close to each other

A good molecule for storing info DNA A good molecule for storing info DNA

Can be joined together in any order like letters of the alphabet DNA Can be joined together in any order like letters of the alphabet DNA

Before cell division, this happens DNA replication Before cell division, this happens DNA replication

What do bacteriophages infect bacteria What do bacteriophages infect bacteria

What organism has DNA in a nucleus eukaryotes What organism has DNA in a nucleus eukaryotes

During DNA replication, what binds with what A-T and C-G During DNA replication, what binds with what A-T and C-G

This results in 2 DNA molecules; one new and one old DNA replication This results in 2 DNA molecules; one new and one old DNA replication

Which cells in the accurate transmission of info most important Sex cells Which cells in the accurate transmission of info most important Sex cells

Deoxyribose and phosphate group What 2 things are needed for a cytosine nucleotide Deoxyribose and phosphate group

Rule Tells us % of Adenine = % of thymine Base pairing Rule Tells us % of Adenine = % of thymine Base pairing

Unlike DNA, RNA contains what? uracil Unlike DNA, RNA contains what? uracil

mRNA Type of RNA that brings info (from genetic code) from nucleus to rest of cell mRNA

In transcription; the RNA is _______ to DNA complementary In transcription; the RNA is _______ to DNA complementary

Cell uses a mRNA to code to make proteins translation Cell uses a mRNA to code to make proteins translation

Genes contain instructions to make what? proteins Genes contain instructions to make what? proteins

A cell reads instructions in DNA to make a protein Gene expression A cell reads instructions in DNA to make a protein Gene expression

eukaryotes What type of cell has transcription in the nucleus and translation in the cytoplasm eukaryotes

Most mutations have ______ effect on an organism No (none) Most mutations have ______ effect on an organism No (none)

Human females produce egg cells that have _________ chromosome One X Human females produce egg cells that have _________ chromosome One X

How many chromosomes are shown in a normal human karyotype 46 How many chromosomes are shown in a normal human karyotype 46

Sex-linked genes are located on what chromosome/s X and Y Sex-linked genes are located on what chromosome/s X and Y

The failure of chromosomes to separate during meiosis is called nondisjunction The failure of chromosomes to separate during meiosis is called nondisjunction

X chromosome This contains genes vital for normal development (no baby has been born without it) X chromosome

If nondisjunction occurs during meiosis, some gametes may have this Extra copies of genes If nondisjunction occurs during meiosis, some gametes may have this Extra copies of genes

Project is an attempt to sequence the DNA of every human gene Human Genome Project is an attempt to sequence the DNA of every human gene Human Genome

proteins More than 40% of ______ coded for in the human genome are similar to those found in other organisms proteins

Amino acid 64 codons & 20 amino acids = Several different codons can specify the same ___________ Amino acid

This leads to bigger and stronger plants compared to diploid plants Polyploidy This leads to bigger and stronger plants compared to diploid plants Polyploidy