Diffusion and Osmosis 1a. Some are too big

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Presentation transcript:

Diffusion and Osmosis 1a. Some are too big 1. Some particles are allowed to cross the plasma membrane and some aren’t. Why? 1a. Some are too big 1b. Some are too strongly charged

Diffusion and Osmosis 1. Some particles are allowed to cross the plasma membrane and some aren’t. Why? (continued) 1c. PERMEABLE Molecules that CAN go through the plasma membrane. 1d. IMPERMEABLE A molecule that CAN NOT go through the plasma membrane.

Diffusion and Osmosis 2. How do permeable materials get across the membrane? 2a. Passive Transport Materials move across easily without the cell doing any work. (NO ENERGY NEEDED) 2b. Active Transport Materials require the cell to use energy to get across the membrane. (ENERGY NEEDED)

Active vs. Passive Transport

Active vs. Passive Transport DRAW this Venn diagram in your notebook. Make it nice and big (about half a page).

Diffusion and Osmosis 3. What are the two types of Passive Transport? 3a. Simple Diffusion Particles move directly through the plasma membrane. (Good for small uncharged molecules). 3b. Facilitated Diffusion Particles need protein channels to get through the plasma membrane. (Good for larger, slightly charged molecules)

HIGH LOW CONCENTRATION CONCENTRATION Diffusion and Osmosis 4. How does diffusion work? 4a. Particles tend to move from areas of: HIGH LOW CONCENTRATION CONCENTRATION

Concentration gradient Concentration Gradient - change in the concentration of a substance from one area to another. Moving “with the concentration gradient” means moving from HIGH to LOW concentration.

Diffusion is… movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration. (“spreading out”)

Which direction will the molecules diffuse in each of the figures below? 1 2 3 4 5 6

Diffusion and Osmosis 5. What is Osmosis? 5a. The process by which WATER MOLECULES diffuse across the plasma membrane.

Diffusion and Osmosis 6. Summary

Amoeba Sisters Video: Osmosis

Diffusion and Osmosis 7. Solutions 7a. Except for pure water, all solutions have something dissolved in them 7b. Solute - The dissolved substance in the solution

Diffusion and Osmosis 7c. Isotonic 7. Solutions (continued) 7c. Isotonic - When two different solutions have the same concentration of solute.

Diffusion and Osmosis 7d. Hypertonic 7. Solutions (continued) 7d. Hypertonic - A solution with a higher concentration of solute.

Diffusion and Osmosis 7e. Hypotonic - A solution with the lower 7. Solutions (continued) 7e. Hypotonic - A solution with the lower concentration of solute

Osmosis: Solutions

Example 1 Draw an arrow to show which way the water would move by osmosis. Fill in any missing percentages (water or solute) Identify the type of solution (isotonic, hypertonic, hypotonic)

Example 2 What will happen to the size of a cell that has a solute concentration of 5% is placed in a 1% saltwater concentration?

Passive Transport Recap

Diffusion and Osmosis 8. Active Transport 8a. Active Transport - requires the use of energy (ATP ) by the cell to move materials in or out. 8b. Active Transport is used when moving: Materials against the concentration gradient Ions of the same charge together Large molecules

Active Transport: Proton Pump

Active Transport