Cells Parts and Functions Ag. Biology Ms. Weigel

Two types of cells Prokaryotic Eukaryotic

Prokaryotic cells

Prokaryotic Cells Single Celled Lacks a nucleus Smallest and most simplest cells Ex: Bacteria

Parts Cell Wall: Outer surrounding of the cell- protects from environment Cell Membrane- double- layer of phosoplipids & proteins - essentially the “bag” that holds it together

Ribosome: where proteins are made Flagellum- used for locomotion

Pili- hairlike appendage found on the surface of many bacteria. Cytoplasm- Gel-like fluid

Eukaryotic Cells Two Types Animal Cells Plant Cells

Cell Parts and Functions Cell Membrane Protects the cell Lets things in and out of the cell Location: around the cell Nucleus Control center Location: inside the cell, near the center

Cell Parts and Functions Nucleolus (Nucleoli) Makes ribosomes Location: inside the nucleus (dark spot) Nuclear Membrane Protects nucleus Lets things in/out of nucleus (pores) Location: around nucleus cell

Cell Parts and Functions Mitochondria Makes energy/powerhouse Location: in cytoplasm Golgi Bodies/Apparatus Packages and secretes (gets rid of) waste

Mitochondria

GOLGI APPARATUS

Cell Parts and Functions Endoplasmic Reticulum (E.R.) Transports materials and sends messages to all parts of the cell Two types: smooth and rough (has ribosomes) Location: attaches from cell membrane to nuclear membrane Rough E.R.

Cell Parts and Functions Ribosome Makes proteins Location: in cytoplasm or Attached to E.R. Vacuole Stores food and water Location: in cytoplasm

Vacuole

Cell Parts and Functions Lysosome Contains digestive enzymes Destroys bacteria, old cell parts… Location: in cytoplasm Centrioles Helps the cell to divide

Cell Parts and Functions Cytoplasm Gel-like substances, holds all Organelles in cell Location: in cell Chromatin/Chromosomes Contains genetic information/traits Location: in nucleus

Cell Parts and Functions Cilia Short hair-like projections Used for movement Location: outside of cell Flagella Long whip-like tail

FLAGELLA

Cell Structures and Functions Chloroplast Traps suns energy and Makes food Location: in plant cells

Cell Wall Cell Wall Protects and supports plant Cells Prevents water loss Cellulose Location: outer layer of plant cells

CYTOSKELETON Function: Support structure of cell and transport materials/organelles throughout the cell. The highway of the cell. Made of Microtubules (thin hollow cylinders) and Microfilaments (thin solid cylinders) Location: Inside the cell

CYTOSKELETON

Cell Structures and Functions Plastids Stores extra food in Plant cells Location: in plant cell

Plant vs. Animal Cell http://www.cellsalive.com/

Plant Vs. Animal Cells