Topic 3: Methods of Science Standard 1.3 – I can understand experimental design and methods in science. 1

Hypothesis If…..then...because Discuss the following & create a hypothesis: Color

Experimental Design Scientific Method – an organized plan for gathering, organizing and communication of information Scientific Inquiry – a process that uses a set of skills to answer questions or to test ideas about the natural world. GOAL Solve a problem Better understand something

Experimental Design Problem/Question What do you want to know? Research Hypothesis Experiment Test your hypothesis Collect and Analyze Data Conclusion Accept, reject, or modify the hypothesis

Evolution of a Scientific Idea Prediction – a statement of what will happen next in a sequence of events Hypothesis – a possible explanation for an observation that can be tested by scientific investigation

Evolution of a Scientific Idea Scientific Theory – explanation of things or events that is based on knowledge gained from many observations and investigations Scientific Law – rule that describes a pattern in nature

Parts of an Experiment Independent Variable Fact YOU change AKA: Manipulated Variable Dependent Variable Factor that changes BECAUSE you changed something AKA: Responding Variable Variable Factor that changes Two types Independent variable Dependent variable

Constant Factors that never are changed from test to test Trial Repeating the experiment 3 times for best result

Measurement Types LENGTH Straight line distance between two points How long something is SI unit = meters (m) Tools for finding Meter stick or ruler

Amount of heat given off by an object Molecular Motion Temperature Amount of heat given off by an object Molecular Motion How hot or cold something is SI unit = Kelvin (K) ºC, ºF Tools for finding Thermometer

How much Matter is in an object SI unit: kilogram (kg) MASS How much Matter is in an object SI unit: kilogram (kg) Tools for Finding Balances or scales Note: Mass and Weight are two different things Mass never changes from place to place

VOLUME Amount of Space an object takes up Units: L, mL, cm3 Tools: graduated cylinder or ruler Three Different Methods for finding Volume Regular object Irregular object Liquid

Finding Volume Liquids (water) Place the liquid in a graduated cylinder and read the level Regular Object (block) L * W * H Irregular Object (rock) Do Water Displacement Subtract water level without object from water level with object

Scientific Method & Measurement Lab Part 1 - Measurements You have 5 minutes at each station You have 25 minutes to complete all 5 *I will tell you when to change parts* Part 2 - Scientific Method At your own pace with your group

Topic 4 – Measurements in Science Standard 1.4 – I can explain how measurements are used in science and how to determine the density of an object. Take your notebook out! Question: How do scientist determine the density of an object? 15

Density Mass per unit Volume Unit: g/mL or g/cm3 Formula Density = mass (needs to be in grams) volume

Density Density of water is 1 g/mL Less means float More means sink

Practice Density Question Steps: Write density equation Identify variables that are given Identify variable missing Solve for missing variable An aluminum block has a density of 2.7 g/cm3 and has a mass of 33g.

Practice Density Question Lab Masses Object #1 - .0218 kg Object #2 - 0.1031 kg Object #3 - .057 kg Complete the densities for objects #1-3 on Station 3