The Southern Class System

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Presentation transcript:

The Southern Class System Team Amazon History

The Southern Class Pyramid Planter Elite – 8% Small Farmers – 8% Poor Whites 50% Free African-Americans – 2% Enslaved African-Americans – 32%

The Planter Elite – 8% of population Owned at least 20 Slaves In 1860, 1 in 30 Southerners belonged to the planter family-Fewer than 1% owned more than 50 slaves Wealthy families were called the “cottonocracy” Because they made huge amounts of money from cotton A major responsibility was becoming politically involved and being a part of the leadership of the South

Small farmers – 8% of population This group made up 8% of Southern whites They owned the land they worked Owned one or two slaves A major responsibility was helping each other; often neighbors were miles apart

Poor Whites – 50% of population They did not own the land they worked They paid rent, often in crops They lived in the hilly or wooded Areas of the South Poor whites rarely grew cotton; they often grew crops such as corn, potatoes, other veggies

Free Blacks – 2% of population Most were descended from slaves freed during the Revolutionary War By 1860, 200,000 free blacks lived in the South Free blacks were not allowed to vote, own property, serve on a jury, testify against whites in a trial, or travel long distances Many free blacks forced to do menial labor—servant work that was almost like slavery

Black slaves – Slave codes Laws to keep slaves from running away or rebelling Forbidden to gather in groups of 3 Or more Could not leave without a written pass Not allowed to own a gun Crime to learn to read and write

Worked from dawn until after dark Black slaves - Work Worked from dawn until after dark Some whipped slaves to get a full day’s work

Did not recognize slave marriage Black slaves - Family Did not recognize slave marriage Family was a source of strength, pride and love

Black slaves - Religion By the 1800s, many African-Americans were devout Christians Religion helped many deal with the horrors of slavery Biblical stories of how Hebrew slaves escaped inspired many spirituals

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