Chapter 4 Daily Life in the Colonies

Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 51-53 The colonists were more concerned about a person’s social class than we are today.

aristocrats: refined tastes and manners Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 51-53 The Upper Class aristocrats: refined tastes and manners included merchants, traders, and clergymen

included those who were neither rich nor poor Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 51-53 The Middle Class included those who were neither rich nor poor formed the core of colonial society

Servants: the lowest rung on the social ladder Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 51-53 Servants: the lowest rung on the social ladder redemptioners: had a relative or friend pay for part of their passage indentured servants: gained passage to the New World in exchange for 4-7 years’ labor

confined to the lower class (no chance of advancement) Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 51-53 Slaves confined to the lower class (no chance of advancement) many opposed the institution of slavery from the outset

Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 53-57 As the colonies changed, so did the colonial family. The first families to arrive in the colonies struggled to survive.

The family was the center of life. Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 53-57 The Colonial Ideal The family was the center of life. patriarchy: The father was the leader of the household. The Puritans believed that the family was a reflection of God and should be the foundation for society.

The family filled many roles (hospital, school, church). Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 53-57 The family filled many roles (hospital, school, church). The colonial home filled many roles. the center of economic activity the center of social activity

men: provided financially Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 53-57 Household Roles men: provided financially women: ran the household, assisted their husbands children: helped with household chores

As the colonies developed, the family became more stable. Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 53-57 As the colonies developed, the family became more stable.

adapting to life in the colonies away from relatives Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 53-57 The Slave Family adapting to life in the colonies away from relatives the threat of being sold being under the control of their master

Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 57-60 Americans, especially those in New England, wanted all children to go to school.

Europe: Only the wealthy were educated. Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 57-60 Education Europe: Only the wealthy were educated. colonies: promoted education in order to enable children to read God’s Word

dame schools: small schools led by single or widowed women Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 57-60 Schools in New England 1642: required parents to teach their children the principles of religion and the laws of the country dame schools: small schools led by single or widowed women

grammar schools: similar to elementary schools Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 57-60 grammar schools: similar to elementary schools Noah Webster’s Blue-Backed Speller hornbook: a paddle shaped board that taught children how to read

Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 57-60 Old Deluder Satan Act, 1647: required towns with fifty or more families to appoint a schoolmaster

Schools in the Middle and Southern Colonies Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 57-60 Schools in the Middle and Southern Colonies These regions had fewer schools than New England. There was more of an emphasis on religion in New England.

Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 57-60 Children were expected to help with farming, which made schooling difficult. Education in these regions was carried out by the parents, private tutors, or boarding schools.

Higher Education Harvard College founded by the Puritans in 1636 Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 57-60 Higher Education Harvard College founded by the Puritans in 1636 prerequisites: read, write, and translate Latin

Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 57-60 Yale founded by the Puritans when Harvard became affected by Enlightenment philosophy Dartmouth originally opened for the Indians

The College of William and Mary Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 57-60 The College of William and Mary the only college in the southern colonies for many years Trades and Apprenticeships The apprenticeship system was used to teach trades.

The growth of the colonies affected the religious climate. Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 60-63 The growth of the colonies affected the religious climate.

dominated by Puritans (Congregationalists) Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 60-63 New England dominated by Puritans (Congregationalists) believed that the members should have a say in the church desired to build a Christian society

Half-Way Covenant: allowed unbelievers to be baptized into the church Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 60-63 Second-generation Puritans departed from their parents’ faith. Half-Way Covenant: allowed unbelievers to be baptized into the church

most famous case of unusual events in the colonies Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 60-63 Salem Witch Trials most famous case of unusual events in the colonies A group of girls (led by Tituba) dabbled in witchcraft. Witch hysteria spread, leading to twenty executions.

The Southern Colonies Anglicans Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 60-63 The Southern Colonies Anglicans official church in the southern colonies strongest in the cities the church of the “upper class”

Moravians followers of John Huss Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 60-63 Moravians followers of John Huss missionaries to slaves, Indians, and German settlers (made the greatest missionary effort in the colonial era)

greatest religious diversity in the colonies Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 60-63 The Middle Colonies greatest religious diversity in the colonies Anglicans, Lutherans, Dutch Reformed, Presbyterians, Quakers, and Jews

Pennsylvania: the most tolerant middle colony Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 60-63 Pennsylvania: the most tolerant middle colony

Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 63-68 As the years passed in the colonies, the people suffered more and more spiritual poverty.

The Great Awakening spiritual decline spread of disease Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 63-68 The Great Awakening spiritual decline spread of disease economic prosperity population increase

Leaders of the Great Awakening Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 63-68 Leaders of the Great Awakening Theodore Frelinghuysen: began the revival in New Jersey Samuel Davies: greatest figure in the southern Great Awakening

Jonathan Edwards: leader of the Great Awakening in New England Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 63-68 Jonathan Edwards: leader of the Great Awakening in New England “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God”: most famous sermon one of the greatest minds of the 18th century George Whitefield: English evangelist

Effects of the Great Awakening great number of converts Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 63-68 Effects of the Great Awakening great number of converts increased missionary works effect on higher education unexpected results in the churches

increased gap between church and state Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 63-68 increased gap between church and state closed gap between the social classes desire for political freedom

Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 63-68 The Great Awakening was the first truly unifying event for the colonies.

Opponents of the Great Awakening Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 63-68 Opponents of the Great Awakening Enlightenment: taught that science and reason were the only reliable ways to find truth

Unitarianism: denied the doctrine of the Trinity Chapter 4 – Daily Life in the Colonies pp. 63-68 Deism: taught that God created the universe but then allowed the laws of nature to guide the universe Unitarianism: denied the doctrine of the Trinity