Russian History pt. 1 Tsars--Gorbachev Main Periods of Russian History Long autocratic rule by the tsars—Different families ruled from the 14th-early.

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Russian History pt. 1 Tsars--Gorbachev

Main Periods of Russian History Long autocratic rule by the tsars—Different families ruled from the 14th-early 20th centuries 20th century rule by communist party—1917-1991 Abrupt regime change in 1991—Follows collapse of Soviet Union

The Communist Revolution of 1917 Tsar Nicholas II—Failed leadership in World War I, (overthrown mid-war) unpopular because of extreme poverty among peasants Russia—Not very industrialized, which made it an unlikely place for a communist revolution Leader of the Revolution—V.I. Lenin and the Bolsheviks

Lenin and the Bolsheviks Lenin believed a small ____________ should lead the revolution, not a massive peasant uprising Democratic Centralism In 1917, he overthrew the tsar, and Russia became The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics 1924…

Lenin dies!

Joseph Stalin Stalin—Literally means “man of steel” Was the General Secretary from 1927-1953 Made the Communist Party at the center of power, outlawed all other parties Politburo—12 men, made all decisions for USSR

Stalinism—Collectivization and Industrialization Abolished private ownership Collective Farms—Supposed to grow food to feed the growing industrialized masses Gulags—Forced labor camps for anyone who didn’t like the farms 5 Year Plans—Ambitious plans to build lots of heavy machinery and industrialize Russia

Stalin’s Legacy Complete totalitarianism in the largest country on earth. Collectivization and industrializing carried out by central government planning The Purges—Killed MILLIONS AT A TIME in executions of anyone he thought was a threat MULTIPLE TIMES

Reform Khruschev (1950’s)—Began deStalinization by loosening censorship and decentralizing decisions Also escalated Cold War Several leaders later…

Gorbachev! By this time, USSR was close to economic ruin Glasnost--Openness More discussion of political, economic, and social issues Criticism of the government allowed Some Soviet republics immediately wanted independence

Gorbachev! Democratization—Wanted to keep Communist Party control, but Created Congress of People’s Deputies—Directly elected “President” elected by representatives Most elected were critical of Gorbachev

Gorbachev! Perestroika—Radical economic reform Gave govt. controlled economic power to private industry Leased land from collective farms Allowed foreign businesses in McDonald’s!

Because of Gorbachev...

Collapse of the Soviet Union Glasnost and Perestroika led to collapse of Soviet Union Too much tension because of so much change 1991—Politburo tried to lead a coup against Gorbachev, failed 11 Countries declared independence Berlin Wall torn down Soviet Union collapses (1917—1991) What’s next?......

Graphic Timeline! You will now make a graphic timeline with the following events: Tsars Lenin Stalin Gorbachev The following terms must be used in your timeline: Glasnost, Communism, Marxism, Perestroika, vanguard, Centralized planning, Collective Farm, Democratization, Bolsheviks, 5 Year Plans