Diversity, Conflict and Union Chapter 13 section 1

History of Ancient Glory Mediterranean Sea; region where European civilization was born First the mild climate made survival in that region easier Second Mediterranean Sea provided easy overseas trade; diverse societies traded with each other and exchanged ideas the, spread of ideas led to advances in knowledge

Greece Birthplace of Democracy Greece grew giving way to the development of city-states; a political unit made of a city and its surrounding lands Ancient Greece left a lasting legacy to modern civilization by developing the first democracy, a government in which the people rule.

City States in Athens All free adult males who were citizens had the right to serve in the law-making assembly Greeks famous for science, philosophy and drama Helped inspire the U.S. system of government

Moving to Modern Times 1096 European Christians launched the Crusades – series of wars to take Palestine from Muslims. Florence and Venice get rich from foreign trade Led to more powerful city-states Renaissance- Italian city-states rebirth of learning (14th-16th century) classical art spread through Northern Europe

Disease 1347 trading ships in Messina, Sicily carry bubonic plague also known as the Black Death from Asia west to Europe through rats in trading ships In four years spread along trade routes killing 25 million Europeans

CULTURE Rome conquered Greece; allowed to retained its own language Greek Greece: Eastern Orthodox Christianity Latin: the language of Rome; Portuguese, Spanish and Italian are languages that evolved from Latin Rome’s religion: Roman Catholicism Prior Pope John Paul II Current Pope Benedict XIV (16th)

Economics Agriculture to Industry Fishing and agriculture remain important 20th century manufacturing increased, textiles in Portugal Spain leading auto maker, Italy producer of clothes and shoes 1980’s Greece, Portugal, and Spain join European Union ( EU) to aid growth, promoting trade with other EU nations