Journal #24 Monarchy – government in which all power belongs to a single person (monarch or king/queen) Corrupt– bad or evil Neutrality – not favoring a position or side Anticipate – to expect something Astray – off the right path

Troubles Abroad and at Home

The French Revolution In 1789, the citizens of Paris, France challenged their corrupt government They attacked the Bastille – a prison that held the enemies of the French Crown During the French Revolution the French citizens overthrew their monarchy and created a republican government

The French Revolution The Declaration of the Rights of Man stated the principles of the French Revolution “liberty, equality, and fraternity (brotherhood)” The French Revolution was inspired by the U.S. Revolution – many Americans celebrated France’s Independence Thomas Jefferson said he was fortunate “to see in the course of fourteen years two such revolutions as were never before seen.” Other Americans were not as happy about the violent riots of the French Revolution and the fact that King Louis XVI and Queen Marie-Antoinette were beheaded

U.S. Neutrality A few months after the French Revolution started, France and Great Britain went to war People in the U.S. were divided on who to support – Washington’s cabinet is even divided The Neutrality Proclamation stated that the U.S. would not take sides with countries at war in Europe Not everyone agreed with Washington – James Madison and other members of Congress question him

Citizen Genet Edmund Genet (zhuh-ne) arrived as a French diplomat to the U.S. seeking support for France He recruited U.S. privateers to attack Britain Washington warned Genet that he was hurting U.S. neutrality Genet threatens to have Congress overrule Washington – Genet is thrown out of the U.S. The main point: our government is working!!!

Thomas Jefferson Resigns Secretary of State Jefferson is pro-France and he felt that pro-British Secretary of the Treasury Hamilton was influencing Washington’s foreign policy Jefferson felt that he was not able to fulfill his duties and resigns in 1793 Washington was disappointed

Jay’s Treaty The British began seizing all ships carrying food to French’s West Indies – capturing many American ships The British were also thought to be provoking Indian uprisings on the western frontier John Jay is sent to London to work out a peaceful resolution – both sides sign Jay’s Treaty The treaty kept the peace with Britain - even though it wasn’t a great treaty The main point: our government is working!!!

Pinckney’s Treaty Along the frontier with Spanish Florida there was a border dispute Because of this dispute, the Spanish closed the port of New Orleans to U.S. trade in 1784 Washington asked U.S. ambassador Thomas Pinckney to help Pinkney’s treaty – re-opens New Orleans and ends the border dispute The main point: The government is working!!

9.4 Challenges at home

Conflict in the Northwest Territory American Indians’ land was being taken by settlers in the Ohio Valley Mohawk leader Joseph Brant united the tribes against the settlers and asked for a new treaty Talks with the U.S. did little and eventually the Indians went to war, supplied by British traders

The Battle of Fallen Timbers In 1794, American Indians fought the U.S. Army The U.S. Army, led by “Mad” Anthony Wayne (Ft. Wayne, IN) won and burned the Indians villages and fields In 1795, Indian leaders signed the Treaty of Grenville Gave the U.S. access to all Indian land in the NW territory The main point: The government is working (and U.S. history is awful for Native Americans)

The Whiskey Rebellion Congress passed a tax on American made whiskey in 1791 Farmers who produced a small amount of whiskey for trade argued that they couldn’t afford the tax A rebellion started in 1794, protesters refused to pay the tax and tarred and feathered tax collectors President Washington sends in 13,000 troops and the rebels flee, ending the Whiskey Rebellion How was this outcome different from Shays Rebellion?

Washington’s Farewell Address Washington decided not to run for a 3rd term in 1796 With the help of Alexander Hamilton and James Madison he writes his Farewell Address

Washington’s Farewell Address Washington warned the country about dangers facing the country Foreign ties, political divisions, public debt Washington wanted the country to avoid debt, be free from outside influences, and avoid diplomatic problems He said that disagreements between political groups weaken government Political unity and independence is the key to national success