The Industrial Revolution CHY Lesson 65

The Industrial Revolution Learning Goal: Analyze the connections between inventions, and improvements in communication and transport, to the spread of the Industrial Revolution. Congress of Vienna Introduction to the Industrial Revolution Reading Assignment

The Congress of Vienna A conservative approach was taken to restoring peace in Europe, after 1815 Didn’t want a repeat of the French Revolution 100s met at the Congress of Vienna (Austria) Britain, Austria, Russia, & Prussia were main decision-makers Wanted to suppress revolutionary ideas… but this was difficult

Three Principles: The countries that had suffered most had to be paid back for their losses. Balance of power had to be restored in Europe so no country became too powerful All decisions would follow the ‘rule of legitimacy’ meaning all former ruling families should be restored to their thrones

Compensations Netherlands took control of Austrian Netherlands Austria gained two northern Italian states Sweden was given Norway (punishing Denmark which had controlled Norway but supported Napoleon) Prussia rec’d some territory along the Rhine River Great Britain (GB) gained several islands in the French West Indies and in the Mediterranean Russia and Prussia both wanted Poland but a compromise was reached

France was surrounded by strong states (no longer a threat) Fr’s boundaries returned to 1790 locations France had to pay reparations to others

Reactionary Alliances Reactionaries: oppose change and would like to undo certain changes Spain and Two Sicilies restored monarchs and got rid of constitutions Switz kept constitution but had to promise neutrality Led to rise of nationalism (people with common language, history, and culture wanted to unite) Austria, GB, Prussia, & Russia kept their ‘Quadruple Alliance’ Allowed France to join in 1818 (yes, Quintuple Alliance) Promised to rule as Christians ‘Concert of Europe’ international rule by agreement (concert) Was effective until 1848

The Industrial Revolution Agree or Disagree? A society’s development depends on its ability to understand and use science and technology. The roles that people play in society are related to the distribution of wealth in that society. The workers who produce goods and services, and so create wealth, deserve a say in how that wealth is distributed. http://www.history.com/topics/industrial-revolution

Era of peace brought growing prosperity New ideas and technology stimulated progress Turn-pike construction (toll roads) Canals Railways Crop rotation Plows with replaceable blades Coal and Iron ore in Britain

Textiles industry Mechanization Factory system Eli Whitney’s cotton gin Flying shuttle Spinning jenny Water wheels Steam engines Locomotives Vulcanization of rubber Oil industry

Task: 4C: Read Chapter 25.1 from the online textbook. Answer questions 1, 3-7 from the last page. 4U: Read Chapter 15 of The West and the World. Answer questions 1-4, 5, 9, & 10.