Carbon Compounds

Similarites Organic=they all contain the element carbon (C) Macromolecules=monomers that are joined together to form polymers by polymerization Big molecules are made out of smaller molecules

Carbohydrates (Sugars & Starches) C, H, and O Main source of energy for organisms Monosaccharides (glucose, fructose, galactose) Disaccharides- ex. lactose Polysaccharides (starch, cellulose) The bigger the molecules=hold more energy Detection of monosaccharides with Benedict’s and polysaccharides with Lugol’s

Lipids (Fats & Oils) Triglycerides, fatty acids, glycerol Stores energy Not soluble in water Makes up membranes and protective coverings C, H, and O in bonded chains Saturated, Unsaturated, and Polyunsaturated Detection of lipids with brown paper towel test and Sudan test

Proteins C, H, O, and N Made up of amino acids that are joined together by peptide bonds Control reactions Form bones and muscles Involved in transport nutrients Detection of proteins with Biuret

Nucleic Acids C, H, O, N, and P Made up of nucleotides Store and transmit genetic information DNA and RNA DNA-Deoxyribonucleic acid-hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms RNA-Ribonucleic acid