Do Now In your opinion, what time period or what event should be considered as the starting point of American History?

I. Pre-Contact Native American Civilization

Where did the first Americans come from? A. Origins Where did the first Americans come from? Two different places: How did they get here? Bering Strait

B. Settlement Patterns Four main groups of American Indians: Eastern Woodland Great Plains Pacific Northwest Far West What type of main subsistence mode did each group have? How do you think their subsistence mode affected the temporary or permanent nature of their settlement?

C. Major Tribes Organized by language groups: Algonquian – largest group, eastern US from Canada to Virginia Iroquois Five Nations – mostly northeast (Seneca, Mohawk, others) with some ties to the southern tribes (Tuscarora, Cherokees) Muskogean – Southeastern US; Chickasaws, Choctaws, Seminoles Rarely united, were bitter rivals – even tribes within the groups were very different.

D. Culture Before European Contact Developing new sources of shelter, food Worshipped multiple gods – the type depended on the tribe/needs Divided tasks according to gender: what type of work depended on the tribe Major difference from Europeans: women’s role in society Controlled economic and social organizations, major role in important tribal decisions. Why?

Independent Practice Write a 6-8 sentence journal entry as a member of one of the American Indian tribes before European contact. Your journal entry should contain ALL of the following: Your tribe and language group What part of North America you live in Your subsistence/source of food What type of settlement pattern you have Your daily role at your settlement for your tribe

Exit Ticket 1) Which of the following most likely led to the development of more permanent villages for the Eastern Woodlands peoples? a. Relatively easy access to fertile farmland and large amounts of natural resources b. Proximity to major trading centers and political hubs c. Availability of large mammals for hunting d. Migration of peoples from North to South America

Exit Ticket 2) Which of the following best describes most Indian religions? a. emphasized monotheism (belief in one god). b. utilized totem poles in their ceremonies. c. were tied closely to the natural world. d. emphasized human sacrifice.

Exit Ticket 3) Lots of factors made pre-Columbian American Indian tribes unique. Explain two ways American Indian tribes were different from one another.