Introduction to animals copyright cmassengale

Traits copyright cmassengale

Characteristics of Animals All multicellular (metazoans) Eukaryotes (cells with nucleus & organelles) Ingestive heterotrophs (take in food and internally digest it) Store food reserves in the liver as glycogen copyright cmassengale

Lions Feeding (Ingestion) copyright cmassengale

Support Systems Have some type of skeletal support Endoskeleton inside and made of cartilage &/or bone Exoskeletons found in arthropods Cover the outside of the body Limit size Must be molted making animal vulnerable to predators copyright cmassengale

Cicada Molting Exoskeleton copyright cmassengale

Support Systems Worms and echinoderms (starfish) have fluid-filled internal cavities giving them support Called hydrostatic skeletons copyright cmassengale

Movement Animals such as sponges may be sessile (attached & non-moving) Animals that move very little are said to be sedentary (clam) Animals that can move are motile Have muscular tissue to provide energy for movement copyright cmassengale

SESSILE SEDENTARY Chiton Sponge MOTILE Cheetah copyright cmassengale

Reproduction in Animals All animals are capable of sexual reproduction Some animals like sponges and earthworms are hermaphrodites producing both eggs and sperm Hermaphrodites may exchange sperm and NOT fertilize their own eggs copyright cmassengale

Leeches Exchange Sperm During Mating copyright cmassengale

Reproduction in Animals Females of some animals produce eggs, but the eggs develop without being fertilized Called Parthenogenesis New offspring will be all female Parthenogenesis occurs in some fishes, several kinds of insects, and a few species of frogs and lizards copyright cmassengale

Parthenogenesis in the Komodo Dragon copyright cmassengale

Mating and Mating Behaviors Female Beetles Mating Young Courtship Male Mating and Mating Behaviors copyright cmassengale

Levels of Organization Sponges are the ONLY animals that have just the cellular level All other animals show these levels – cell, tissue, organ, and system Cells may specialize (take own different shapes and functions) Cells are held together by cell junctions to form tissues copyright cmassengale

Levels of Organization Molecule or compound Atom Organelle Levels of Organization CELL Life begins Tissue Organ Organ system Organism copyright cmassengale

Invertebrate groups copyright cmassengale

Characteristics of Invertebrates Simplest animals Contain the greatest number of different species Most are aquatic (found in water) Do NOT have a backbone Includes sponges, cnidarians, flatworms, roundworms, annelids, mollusks, arthropods, and echinoderms copyright cmassengale

Sponge - Porifera Osculum of Sponge copyright cmassengale

Sea Anemone - Cnidaria Tentacles of Sea Anemone copyright cmassengale

More Cnidarians Brain Coral Red jellyfish copyright cmassengale

Flatworms - Platyhelminthes Marine Flatworm Planarian copyright cmassengale

Roundworms (Nematoda) and Segmented Worms (Annelida) Nematode Leech (segmented worm) copyright cmassengale

Mollusca (With and Without Shells) snail scallop octopus nudibranch nautilus copyright cmassengale

Arthropoda (insects, spiders, crustaceans, horseshoe crab) crayfish Horseshoe crab Dung beetle copyright cmassengale

Echinoderms starfish Sea fan (crinoid) Brittle star Sand dollar Sea cucumber copyright cmassengale

copyright cmassengale