LS.1 Organization and Development LS.2 Energy Transformations Life Science LS.1 Organization and Development LS.2 Energy Transformations

Organization and Development Cells Cells are the smallest living part of any organism. All living things are made up of cells. They are the “building blocks” of life.

What does a cell do? Cells take in food Cells turn food into energy Cells get rid of waste

Cellular Respiration Most cells get their energy from cellular respiration Cellular respiration is when a cell takes in oxygen and food (such as sugar) and makes energy Carbon dioxide and water are made during cellular respiration

Animal Cell Parts Cell Membrane This surrounds the cell It allows materials such as sugar, water, and oxygen to enter the cell It allows waste to exit the cell

Animal Cell Parts Nucleus This is the control center of the cell Nucleus contains Chromosomes and DNA

Animal Cell Parts Mitochondria Mitochondria produce energy in the cell

Animal Cell Parts Vacuole The vacuole provides storage for the cell

Animal Cell Parts Cytoplasm Cytoplasm is the material between the cell membrane and the nucleus. It holds the smaller parts of a cell.

Plant Cells Discovery Science Plant Cells

PLANT CELLS Plants also have a cell wall

Plant Cells The cell wall gives extra support and protection to the plant (similar to an exoskeleton).

Plant Cells Plant cells also have Chloroplasts

Plant Cells Chloroplasts use sunlight to turn water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and sugar

Plant Cells Chloroplasts give plants a green color

Types of Cells There are about 200 kinds of cells in the human body.

Types of Cells Branching Cells – Nerve cells are branching cells. The length helps send signals quickly.

Types of Cells Flat Cells- Human skin cells are flat cells. They layer to provide flexibility and protection.

Types of Cells Round Cells – Red blood cells are round. The shape lets them maximize surface area to carry more oxygen.

Cell Review Cell Rap Cell Folk Song

Cells to Tissue Tissue is a group of cells working together to do the same job.

Cells to Tissue There are 4 types of tissue in the human body: Muscle Tissue – Moves your body Can be voluntary (you can control-skeletal) or Involuntary (you can’t control-heart)

Cells to Tissue Nervous Tissue – Send signals throughout your body Nervous tissue can be found in the brain

Cells to Tissue Epithelial Tissue – Covers the body and line the inside of the body Skin is an epithelial tissue

Cells to Tissue Connective Tissue – Helps support and protect the body Bone and fat are types of connective tissue

Tissue to Organ Different types of tissue join together to form an organ.

Tissue to Organ Skin is the largest human organ

Tissue to Organ Heart is another example of an organ

Tissue to Organ The stomach is another example of an organ

Organs to Organ Systems Organs join together to form an Organ System. Organ Systems carry out major body functions.

Organs to Organ Systems There are 11 organ systems in the human body

Organ Systems Circulatory System transports blood throughout the body

Organ Systems Digestive System breaks down food into protein, vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, and fats, which the body needs for energy, growth, and repair

Organ Systems Endocrine System glands that produce hormones hormones are chemicals that control body functions, such as metabolism, growth, and development

Organ Systems Excretory System Eliminates body’s waste

Organ Systems Immune/Lymphatic System body's defense system against infections and diseases distributes fluids and nutrients in the body and drains excess fluids and protein so that tissues do not swell.

Organ Systems Integumentary System Protects the body (skin, hair, nails)

Organ Systems Muscular System works with the skeletal system to control movement of the body

Organ Systems Nervous System sends, receives, and processes nerve impulses throughout the body nerve impulses tell your muscles and organs what to do

Organ Systems Reproductive System Allows living things to produce offspring

Organ Systems Respiratory System brings air into the body and removes carbon dioxide

Organ Systems Skeletal System major functions of the skeletal system: keep shape and support of your body enable you to move protect your internal organs produce blood cells store materials.