Interest Groups: Reasons for Growth

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Interest Groups Organization of people with similar policy goals that tries to influence the political process to try to achieve those goals.

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Presentation transcript:

Interest Groups: Reasons for Growth Unit 5: Political Participation Unit 2: Branches

Putting Interest Groups in Context Issue: Gun Control – in Context of mass shootings Gun Control Debate Post San Bernardino Shooting Two sides on issues = two different interests = BOTH sides want different legislation to resolve issue

I. What is an Interest Group I. What is an Interest Group? Group w/ common interest seeking to influence gov’t

Democracy in Action: The Dead Gazelle

Democracy in Action: Interest Groups Politics

Madison’s dilemma (Fed #10) Wanting both liberty & order  people have liberty to form groups & express views BUT…could create disorderly society  Therefore Belief: pol. factions were inevitable e.g. need to control their effects

Pluralism: growth of int Pluralism: growth of int. groups stops concentration of excessive pwr in hands few  enhances democracy  flipside: groups don’t have = resources and = access

The Iron Triangle (Issue Network) Issue: Gun Control – in Context of mass shootings This is a visual for what the relationship(s) ending up looking like and working Congressional Committee Passes regulation (laws) on stricter gun access Interest Group(s) NRA & Gun Control Group Executive Agency Enforces those regulations & deals with small details to make regulation work Lobbies (persuades) Congressional members to change laws

II. Reasons for growth There are over 4,100 registered interest groups with Congress Take a look at some of the major groups and the issues they represent VoteSmart.org

Econ developments, i.e. farm problems in 30s (dust bowl) Gov’t policies: gov’t creates agency  entry pt for IG; i.e. New Deal & Great Society created many agencies  more IG needed to save stake in agencies C. Diversity of population: social, racial, economic, geographic differences

Diffusion of power in gov’t  pwr shared by many = many places for groups to argue their particular case Weakness of pol. parties: when parties not able to get things done, IGs have filled shoes Reforms of 1970s: opened up lobbying process i.e. FECA and rise of PACs, also BCRA

IG formed  more IGs to counter it Technology: computerized mailing lists to get $, open communications Campaign Donations i.e. PACs has changed the game and influence of IGs in American politics

III. Tactics/Strategies of IGs

Use of mass media & social media Boycotting: Examples NOW’S boycott of states that didn’t ratify ERA, Civil rights groups boycotting S. Carolina because of that state flying the Confederate flag at the state capital.

Litigation-Law suits in courts- This has proven to the most successful All parties want to avoid losing in court and prevent the high costs of suits To prevent, this can have huge leverage

4. Campaign contributions Endorsement of candidates “Targeting” of unfriendly candidates, Ex: moveon.org in 2004 vs Bush 7. Issuing “report cards” to rate candidates

8. Initiatives, referendums and recalls at state and local levels Lobbying Mass mailings. New techniques of targeting specific segments of population w/ database software

Essential Knowledge Statements Discuss why Madison felt factions were inevitably important 2. Describe 2 reasons for the growth of interest groups 3. Explain how 2 strategies IGs use to influence policy