Earth’s History Created by Educational Technology Network. www.edtechnetwork.com 2009

Relative Dating Diagrams Relative Dating laws Relative Dating Diagrams Fossils Absolute dating Geologic time 10 20 30 40 50

The oldest layer will be on the bottom, the youngest on the top Question 1 - 10 The oldest layer will be on the bottom, the youngest on the top

Principle of Superposition Answer 1 – 10 Principle of Superposition

Question 1 - 20 Used to correlate rock layers that are separated by distance

Principle of Lateral Continuity Answer 1 – 20 Principle of Lateral Continuity

Geologic features form after the rocks they cut through Question 1 - 30 Geologic features form after the rocks they cut through

Principle of Cross-Cutting relationships Answer 1 – 30 Principle of Cross-Cutting relationships

The event that will cause an unconformity Question 1 - 40 The event that will cause an unconformity

Answer 1 – 40 erosion

Tilted or folded rocks that have younger horizontal rocks on top Question 1 - 50 Tilted or folded rocks that have younger horizontal rocks on top

Answer 1 – 50 Angular unconformity

Question 2 - 10 What is Z?

Answer 2 – 10 fault

Question 2 - 20 What is the boundary between N and G?

Answer 2 – 20 Angular unconformity

Question 2 - 30 Which is older Z or M? How can you tell?

M – Principle of Cross Cutting Relationships Answer 2 – 30 M – Principle of Cross Cutting Relationships

Question 2 - 40 What happened to layers X, C, E, N?

Answer 2 – 40 Folding

How can you tell which is older P or F? Question 2 - 50 How can you tell which is older P or F?

Principle of Inclusions Answer 2 – 50 Principle of Inclusions

Minerals replace the organism after it is buried Question 3 - 10 Minerals replace the organism after it is buried

Answer 3 – 10 Petrified

Question 3 - 20 Evidence left behind by an organism

Answer 3 – 20 Trace fossil

The actual animal or plant still exists Question 3 - 30 The actual animal or plant still exists

Answer 3 – 30 Preserved remains

Question 3 - 40 Minerals replace the organism after it is buried

Answer 3 – 40 Petrified

Question 3 - 50 A hollow area in a rock left when an organism is dissolved leaving a detailed impression

Answer 3 – 50 mold

What are radioactive isotopes? Question 4 - 10 What are radioactive isotopes?

Answer 4 – 10 Unstable elements that will decay into stable elements

Question 4 - 20 What is a half-life?

Answer 4 – 20 The amount of time it takes for half of a radioactive isotope to decay to a stable isotope

Question 4 - 30 What are index fossils?

Answer 4 – 30 Fossils of organisms that are widespread and lived during one short period of time.

Question 4 - 40 If you find a rock that has 25% of the unstable (parent isotope) and 75% of the stable (daughter isotope), how many half lives has it gone through?

Answer 4 – 40 2

Question 4 - 50 If an element has a half life of 1,500,000 years and has gone through 3 half-lives how old is the rock it is found in?

Answer 4 – 50 4,500,000

Which era is known as the “Age of Mammals”? Question 5 - 10 Which era is known as the “Age of Mammals”?

Answer 5 – 10 Cenozoic

Which era is known as the “Age of Reptiles”? Question 5 - 20 Which era is known as the “Age of Reptiles”?

Answer 5 – 20 Mesozoic

Question 5 - 30 During which period did an explosion of animal species occur in the oceans?

Answer 5 – 30 Cambrian

During which period did mammals first appear? Question 5 - 40 During which period did mammals first appear?

Answer 5 – 40 Jurassic

Question 5 - 50 How do the events of the Carboniferous benefit us today?

Answer 5 – 50 They produced coal