Women in the 1920’s Just as we studied “pre-feminsim feminists,” we need to look at the lives of women between 1st wave feminism (ends 1920 with 19th amendment) and 2nd wave feminism (begins 1963, with Betty Friedan’s Feminine Mystique)

"Woman must have her freedom—the fundamental freedom of choosing whether or not she shall be a mother and how many children she will have. Regardless of what man's attitude may be, that problem is hers-and before it can be his, it is hers alone. She goes through the vale of death alone, each time a babe is born. As it is the right neither of man nor the state to coerce her into this ordeal, so it is her right to decide whether she will endure it." -Margaret Sanger, Woman and the New Race (1920)

Recap In 1848 the revolution had begun at the Seneca Falls Convention, which passed a "Declaration of Sentiments" that demanded equal rights for women. Women marched, petitioned Congress, and gave speeches in the face of public disapproval, led by the likes of Susan B. Anthony, Lucy Stone, and Elizabeth Cady Stanton. And seventy-two years later, on August 26, 1920, the Nineteenth Amendment to the Constitution was proclaimed, and women's rights became clearly possible.

1920’s During the decade of the Twenties, further progress was slow, and in many states anti-women initiatives were popular. Nevertheless, as more women entered college and appeared in workplaces formerly dominated by men, role models and organizations emerged. The life of women changed, sometimes quickly, sometimes slowly, and freedom became possible if not prevalent. Between the motion picture and the novel, a change in the portrayal of women occurred during the decade, crossing social classes and economic sectors. There would be no turning back.

Cartoons like this one in Vanity Fair parodied women's high hopes for profound cultural change and their belief in the value of reform movements. Example of a Gordon Conway line drawing for her monthly parody page in Vanity Fair from January 1918-August 1919.

Women in the 1920’s You will read about women in the 1920’s, answering guided reading questions as you go.

Bellwork In what ways do you think gaining the right to vote changed the lives of women every day (not just election day)?

Guided Reading Questions – Please Turn In 1) What would the Equal Rights Amendment guarantee? What is the status of the ERA? 2) What was prohibition? What made some women support it? What groups fought in favor of prohibition? 3) What industries fought against women’s suffrage and why? 4) What role did alcohol play in the lives of women – at home and outside of the home? 5) What effect did prohibition have on society? 6) Why did Margaret Sanger think women should be able to control the number of children they had? 7) Compare and contrast the women that Margaret Sanger spoke up for with the women known as “flappers.” 8) Give an example of a woman who was a flapper and describe her lifestyle. 9) Explain the historical events that prompted a culture toward women that made the flapper lifestyle possible. 10) What do you hypothesize the lives of women were like by the early 1930’s? Please explain your thoughts.

Prohibition and Women Please answer the 3 questions provided for each of the 3 videos. Before: Frances Willard http://www.pbs.org/kenburns/prohibition/watch-video/#id=2082489435 Prohibition instituted with ratification of the 18th Amendment on 1/16/1919 During: Lois Long http://www.pbs.org/kenburns/prohibition/watch-video/#id=2082501823 At the End: Pauline Saber http://www.pbs.org/kenburns/prohibition/watch-video/#id=2082534271 The Repeal of Prohibition was accomplished with the passage of the 21st Amendment on 12/5/1933.

Jazzy Talk -Twenties Slang Flat Tire - a dull, boring person Gam - a girls leg Gin Mill - A speak easy Hooch - bootleg liquor Hoofer - chorus girl Torpedo - a hired gunman All Wet - wrong Berries - anything wonderful Bee’s Knees - a superb person or thing Big Cheese -an important person Bump Off - to murder Dumb Dora - a stupid girl

The New Woman You will circulate through 5 Categories describing the “New Woman” during this time period. For each category, please describe the following: Characteristics of the new woman Challenges faced by the new woman Different from society today Similar to society today

The New Woman Category Characteristics Challenges Differences Today Similarities Today Image and Lifestyle Work, Edu, Reform Sexuality African American Opposition

Exit Slip Do you think Prohibition should have been repealed? Why/why not?