And info you should know about them…. Lab Practical Slides And info you should know about them….

Slide #1 - Paramecium (@ 100X) – Set #64 (circle 3) Picture Info Domain Eukarya Kingdom Protista Uses contractile vacuole to regulate osmotic pressure Cilia on the outside of cell to help with movement (these make it fuzzy looking on the edge) The large red spot in the center is the nucleus The clear-ish spot towards the left (by the pointy end) is the contractile vacuole Slide #1 - Paramecium (@ 100X) – Set #64 (circle 3)

Picture Info No domain/kingdom because “not living” Flu mutates rapidly, and recovery from one form does NOT make you immune to another form, hence yearly flu shots Polio doesn’t mutate rapidly, and we have a vaccine to prevent the only 3 forms of the virus out there Other human diseases caused by viruses are Smallpox, Chicken Pox, Herpes, Measles, Mumps, Ebola hemorrhagic fever, and HIV Slide #2 – Human Viruses (Left Side - Influenza @ 170,000x, & Right Side - Polio @ 290,000X) – Set #97 (circle 3)

Picture Info Domain Eukarya Kingdom Fungi Contains molds, mildews, mushrooms, and yeasts in this kingdom Heterotrophic (can’t make their own food) Can be unicellular or multicellular Many fungi have hyphae (finger-like projections that absorb nutrients), which create a mat called a mycelium Sexual or asexual reproduction Most of their life is spent in a haploid (as opposed to diploid) state Slide #3 – Mushroom (Left Side – Mushroom @ ½X, & Right Side – Mushroom @ 400X) – Set 241 (circle 6)

Slide #4 – Gram-Negative Bacteria (200X) – Set 241 (circle 2) Picture Info Domain Bacteria Kingdom Eubacteria Single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus (and membrane-bound organelle), have circular chromosomes, are smaller than Eukaryotic cells, and contain a peptidoglycan layer in their cell walls These are gram-negative bacteria shown, which have a THIN peptidoglycan layer, and stain pink in the Gram Stain. Gram Positive bacteria would look purple after a Gram Stain, as they have a THICK peptidoglycan layer Can be heterotrophs or autotrophs Shapes of bacteria can be classified as bacillus (rod), coccus (sphere), or spirillium (helix) shaped – these are bacillus Slide #4 – Gram-Negative Bacteria (200X) – Set 241 (circle 2)

Slide #5 – Gram-Positive Bacteria (2,000X) – Set #20 (circle 6) Picture Info Domain Bacteria Kingdom Eubacteria Single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus (and membrane-bound organelle), have circular chromosomes, are smaller than Eukaryotic cells, and contain a peptidoglycan layer in their cell walls These are gram-positive bacteria shown, which have a THICK peptidoglycan layer, and stain purple in the Gram Stain. Gram Negative bacteria would look pink after a Gram Stain, as they have a THIN peptidoglycan layer Can be heterotrophs or autotrophs The giant circle at the end of some of these rod-shaped (bacillus) bacteria are spores being formed Slide #5 – Gram-Positive Bacteria (2,000X) – Set #20 (circle 6)

Slide #6 – Volvox (@ 150X) – Set #12 (circle 5) Picture Info Domain Eukarya Kingdom Protista These are a multi-cellular, photosynthetic, plant-like Protist The little spheres inside the big sphere are “daughter” volvox that will be released when the parent fills up with new daughters Slide #6 – Volvox (@ 150X) – Set #12 (circle 5)

Slide #7 – Algae (@ 175X) – Set #12 (circle 2) Picture Info Domain Eukarya Kingdom Protista These are unicellular, photosynthetic, plant-like protists Algae produce over 50% of the world’s oxygen Many small animals feed on the algae Algae are classified according to their color (green, red, and brown) Slide #7 – Algae (@ 175X) – Set #12 (circle 2)

Slide #8 – Amoeba proteus -Set #12 (circle 3) Picture Info Domain Eukarya Kingdom Protista These are unicellular, non-photosynthetic, animal-like protists Irregularly shaped, and can change shape constantly It has pseudopods (false-feet) to help them with movement Asexual reproduction, but can also conjugate Slide #8 – Amoeba proteus -Set #12 (circle 3)

Slide #9 – Saccharomycete Yeast -Set #63 (circle 2) Picture Info Domain Eukarya Kingdom Fungi Reproduces by budding Unicellular Heterotrophic Can grow aerobically or anaerobically When anaerobically grown, the yeast ferment sugars to make alcohol Slide #9 – Saccharomycete Yeast -Set #63 (circle 2)

Slide #10 – Coccus Bacteria - Set #19 (circle 2) Picture Info Domain Bacteria Kingdom Eubacteria Heterotrophic or Autotrophic Unicellular These are spherically-shaped (cocci) bacteria. They are found in clusters of 4 (called tetrads) It can be difficult to see the shape without a higher power magnification, because bacteria are so much smaller than eukaryotic cells. 1000X magnification is the minimum for good resolution of the shapes of these bacteria (100X objective lens x 10X ocular lens) Slide #10 – Coccus Bacteria - Set #19 (circle 2)

Slide #11 – White-Cap Mushroom (@ 1X) – Petri Dish Sample Picture Info Domain Eukarya Kingdom Fungi Phylum Basidiomycota Take note of the cap, stalk, ring (if present), volva (if present), and gills The basidia line the gills – these are responsible for producing the spores for fungal reproduction Slide #11 – White-Cap Mushroom (@ 1X) – Petri Dish Sample

Slide #12 – Yeast (@ 1X) – Petri Dish Sample Picture Info Domain Eukarya Kingdom Fungi Phylum Ascomycota Reproduces by budding Unicellular Heterotrophic Can grow aerobically or anaerobically When anaerobically grown, the yeast ferment sugars to make alcohol Slide #12 – Yeast (@ 1X) – Petri Dish Sample