Thermal energy bill nye heat

Temperature Temperature: a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object

Thermal energy Thermal Energy: the sum of all of the potential and kinetic energy of ALL the particles in an object Everything has thermal energy!!!

examples What types of energy do we need to add together when calculating the thermal energy of the following objects?

Thermal energy and temperature Thermal energy and temperature: When the temperature of an object increases, its thermal energy increases

Temperature and mass Thermal energy and Mass: the more mass an object has, the more thermal energy it has

Specific heat Specific heat: The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of an object by 1º C. (1.8 ºF)

Water and specific heat Water: Water has a high specific heat compared to most other liquids so it takes a longer time to heat up and cool down

Changes in thermal energy The thermal energy of an object changes when heat flows into or out of the objects THERMAL ENERGY ALWAYS FLOWS FROM THE PLACE THAT IS WARMER TO THE PLACE THAT IS COLDER

THERMAL ENERGY EQUATION Q = m(Tf – Ti)°C Q = change in thermal energy T = TEMPERATURE m = mass °C = specific heat The instrument that measures specific heat is called a calorimeter

Conduction Conduction: The transfer of heat through direct physical touch EX. Lizard on a rock, pot on a stove

Convection Blowing on food to cool it down Convection: The transfer of heat through movement of a fluid (liquid or gas) Blowing on food to cool it down Wind and ocean circulation Mantle convection, furnace, convection oven

Radiation Radiation: The transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves EX. The Sun, heat lamp, microwave, tanning bed

Popcorn

Lizard on a Rock Radiation from the sun heats the lizard and the rock. Conduction from the hot rock heats the lizard Convection from the warm air circulating around the lizard heats the lizard

insulators Insulators: Materials that stop or slow the transfer of heat in or out of an object

Thermodynamics Thermodynamics: the study of the relationship between heat, work and energy Dynamic = changing

thermodynamics 1st Law of thermodynamics: the increase the of thermal energy of a system is equal to the work on the system plus the heat transferred to the system

thermodynamics 2nd Law of Thermodynamics: Heat always flows from high temperature areas to low temperature areas