Isotopes and Atomic Mass: What does the mass on the periodic table mean? By Trish Loeblein http://phet.colorado.edu Learning Goals: Define “isotope” using.

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Presentation transcript:

Isotopes and Atomic Mass: What does the mass on the periodic table mean? By Trish Loeblein http://phet.colorado.edu Learning Goals: Define “isotope” using mass number, atomic number, number of protons, neutrons and electrons Compare and contrast: element, atom, isotope Given the number of protons, neutrons and electrons, find the mass and name of an isotope Given the name of an element and the number of neutrons, find the mass of an isotope Give evidence to support or dispute: “In nature, the chance of finding one isotope of an element is the same for all elements.” Find the average atomic mass of an element given the abundance and mass of its isotopes

Pre-Lesson Discussion Calculate the average mass of the eggs in the container. Record the mass of each type of egg and the number of each. What is difference between the “Average Mass” and “Individual Mass”? Design a situation to make the mixture ____g The teacher will need to figure out reasonable average mass for challenge.

Post-Lesson Questions

What would this be? Carbon-12 Carbon-14 Oxygen-14 More than one of these B

Reason: The number of protons tells the name of the atom; the mass is given by the sum of protons and neutrons 6 protons +8 neutrons = 14 amu

Which would be isotopes? 1 & 2 1 & 3 2 & 3 none more than one combination 1 2 A 3

Reason: Isotopes have same number of protons (so the same name), but different number of neutrons 1 and 2 are isotopes 1 2 3

What would the approximate average mass of Hydrogen be? 6 amu 2 amu 1.5 amu 1 amu Answer is C : A. 6 amu is the total mass B. one of the isotopes C. see next slide for reasoning D. most common isotope and value on periodic table.

Reason: 3/6 gives 50% of each, so .5*2+.5*1=1.5 amu You may discuss the fact that the isotope mass is rounded to whole numbers, but the exact values are 2.01410 and 1.00783. You can show this by using the sim. Just drag one isotope into the box and the value will be displayed. Why are there more digits in the answer in the sim?

What would the approximate average mass of Argon be? a. Value on periodic table b. just the middle value c. 37.5 = (2*36+38+ 40)/4 or .5*36+.25*38+.25*40 40 amu B. 38 amu C. 37.5 amu

Reason: .5*36+.25*38+.25*40 =37.5

Discussion Questions: How would you know if this combination is likely to be found in some dirt? See next slide

“My Mixture” “Nature’s Mix” Reason: 10/14*14+4/14*15=14.285 On the periodic table, the mass of Nitrogen is given as 14.007, so this is not the most common mixture found in nature. “My Mixture” “Nature’s Mix” Students could use the sim to explain, but I want to emphasize use of the periodic table.