Bell Work Draw a diagram of the Rock Cycle and label the types of rocks and processes that drive the rock Cycle.

I can identify how the earth is affected by long- term and short- term geological cycles and the influence of man. Objectives

Mineral Identification SPI 0707.7.1 Use a table of physical properties to classify minerals. Classifying Minerals

Color Not the best way to identify a mineral because the same mineral can come in a variety of colors or different minerals can also be the same color Luster the way a surface reflects light (metallic, pearly, waxy, etc.) Streak the color of the powder that a mineral leaves behind Cleavage/Fracture The different ways a mineral can break (smooth/flat or rough/jagged) Hardness a mineral’s resistance to being scratched (Mohs Hardness Scale 1 (soft: Talc)-10 (hardest: Diamond) Density the ratio of the mass of a substance to the volume of the substance; the measure of how much matter (mass) is in a given amount of space (volume) Special Properties Special characteristics of a mineral (fluorescence, odor, magnetism)

The chart shows the properties of some minerals The chart shows the properties of some minerals. A sample of a mineral is red and has a white streak. Based on the chart, which type of mineral is the sample? A Sulfur B Serpentine C Opal D Hematite

Da Rock Cycle SPI 0707.7.3 Identify the major processes that drive the rock cycle. SPI 0707.7.2 Label a diagram that depicts the three different rock types. Types of Rocks and The Rock Cycle

Magma Sediment Igneous Formed when lava cools and hardens Sedimentary Formed when sediment compacts and cements together Metamorphic Forms when heat and pressure are applied to the other types of rock. Magma Melted Rock Sediment Small pieces of all three types of rock that will be compacted together into sedimentary rock.

Processes Melting: Cooling and Hardening: Under extreme heat, rocks can melt into magma Cooling and Hardening: Magma will cool and harden into igneous rocks Weathering, Erosion, & Deposition: Weathering breaks down the rocks Erosion carries the sediments away Deposition drops the sediments (like it’s hot!) Compaction and Cementation: Sediments create layers and over time these layers are compacted and cemented together Heat and Pressure: Under extreme heat and pressure rocks can change form (metamorphism) Processes

Time 1 shows a rock underground Time 1 shows a rock underground. Time 2 shows the rock exposed at the surface many years later. What is the term for the process that exposed the rock at the surface? A cementation B erosion C transportation D deposition

As a riverbank erodes away, sand and mud are transported downstream and settle at the bottom of a lake. Over time, what type of rock is most likely formed at the bottom of the lake? A igneous B lunar C metamorphic D sedimentary

Draw and describe three types of tectonic plate boundaries. Bell Work Draw and describe three types of tectonic plate boundaries.

Earth’s Layers SPI 0707.7.4 Differentiate among the characteristics of the earth’s three layers. Earth's Layers

Crust Mantle Outer Core Inner Core outermost layer of Earth; thinnest layer (1% of Earth's mass); two types of crust: continental and oceanic crust Mantle thickest layer of Earth between the crust and core (67% of Earth's mass); solid rock that flows (silly putty rock- convection currents) Outer Core liquid iron and nickel Inner Core Solid iron and nickel

Physical Layers Chemical Layers Lithosphere, Asthenosphere, Mesosphere, Core Chemical Layers Crust, Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core

The diagram below shows the layers of Earth The diagram below shows the layers of Earth. What makes up most of Layer 3? A liquid water B molten rock C hydrogen and helium gas D liquid iron and nickel

The diagram shows a divergent plate boundary The diagram shows a divergent plate boundary. Which of these will most likely happen because the lithospheric plates move away from each other? A New sea floor forms. B Tides become higher. C Winds become stronger. D Water moves to higher latitudes.

Which of these formed the Appalachian Mountains Which of these formed the Appalachian Mountains? A sea-floor spreading B continental plates colliding C river sediment deposition D frequent earthquake activity

Plate Tectonics SPI 0707.7.5 Recognize that lithospheric plates on the scale of continents and oceans continually move at rates of centimeters per year. SPI 0707.7.6 Describe the relationship between plate movements and earthquakes, mountain building, volcanoes, and sea floor spreading. Plate Tectonics

Tectonic Plates:  parts of the lithosphere that move around on top of the asthenosphere (middle mantle)  Convection Currents The circular movement of hot rock in the asthenosphere that drives the rock cycle. Types of boundaries:  Transform- plates slide past each other causing earthquakes  Divergent- plates move apart causing sea-floor spreading and volcanoes  Convergent- plates collide causing mountains and volcanoes 

The map shows the motion of a tectonic plate that includes the country of India. Which is the best approximation of the distance this plate moves every year? A less than one millimeter B a few centimeters C several meters D more than one kilometer

Geologists placed posts on opposite sides of divergent plates to determine the rate of plate movement. How far apart will the posts most likely have moved after 10 years? A 50 centimeters B 5 meters C 50 meters D 5 kilometers

Earth’s Resources SPI 0707.7.7 Analyze and evaluate the impact of man’s use of earth’s land, water, and atmospheric resources. Fossil Fuels and Natural Resources

Renewable Resources that can be renewed or used again in our life time (fresh water, solar power, trees, etc.) Non-Renewable Resources that cannot be renewed or used again in our life time; once it is used, it is gone and will take hundreds, upon thousands of years to renew (fossil fuels, like coal, oil, and natural gas)

As the ozone layer in the upper atmosphere becomes depleted, skin damage can occur from exposure to high levels of ultraviolet (UV) rays. Which human activity has contributed to the breakdown of the ozone layer? A construction of wind turbines to generate electricity B introduction of invasive plant species into local ecosystems C construction of dams for hydroelectric power D release of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) into the atmosphere

When water vapor, methane, and carbon dioxide are released into the atmosphere, trapped heat is reradiated back to Earth. Which of these will most likely occur when heat is reradiated back to Earth? A Acid precipitation will form. B Soil contamination will increase. C Surface temperatures will increase globally. D The ozone will become thinner and break down.