Age of Contact Common Assessment Study Guide Christopher Columbus *Rediscovered the Americas while searching for a faster trade route to Asia Alonzo Alvarez de Pineda *1519 (Must Know Date) 1st European to observe and map the coastline of Texas. First European to set foot on the Texas coast. Hernan Cortez *Aztecs thought he was a god *Captured Aztec Leader Montezuma *Defeated Aztecs in several bloody battles *Renamed Aztec capitol Mexico City *Sent Gold and Silver back to Spain Estevanico *African who was part of the Navarez Expedition. One of the four Survivors with Cabeza de Vaca Only member of Cabeaza de Vaca’s group to search for the 7 Cities of Gold *Died on the search for the 7 Cities of Gold Navarez *Was given Florida by king of Spain * Stranded by his ships he built rafts * Died with most of his men during a hurricane *Found no Gold Coronado *Found place called Cibola but no gold just adobe * Found Quivera but no gold And then killed “the Turk” for lying (he took him all the way to Kansas) Corpus Christi de la Ysleta * Built in El Paso to Convert Native Americans to Christianity *1st Spanish Mission in Texas God, Glory and Gold *Convert the natives to Christianity *Conquer all those they met *Find and bring back riches to Spain Spanish Influence on the Americas * Conquered Aztecs *Brought Diseases * Introduced the Horse to Americas *Brought Spanish Language and Culture.

Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca *2nd in Command of Narvaez Expedition *Escaped the Karawankawa with Estevanico and the other 2 last survivors. *Learn to use native herbs for healing and to perform surgery. (This keeps them alive during their escape) *First European to explore the interior (inside) of Texas. *Tells the story of the 7 Cities of Cibola (Gold). Friar Marcos de Neza, Estevanico & the Search for the 7 Cities of Gold *Friar Marcos sends Estevanico ahead Large Cross = Big Cities Small Cross = Small Cities *Estevanico is Killed by Zuni Pueblos when Friar Marcos arrives he sees golden roof tops and leaves to report his findings. *Golden roof tops turn out later to be adobe houses reflecting the sunlight. Conquering the Aztecs *defeating the Aztecs in many battles *starvation *Spreading Smallpox to the Aztecs *superior weapons *In the beginning the Aztecs thought that Cortes was the God Quetzalcoatl Friars *Spanish priests who were supported by the church and Spain to convert Native Americans to Christianity. After the Search for the 7 Cities of Cibola (Gold) *After failing to find the seven cities of gold with De Soto, Friar Marcos & Estevanico, and Coronado Spain loses interest in Texas and concentrated on Mexico and South America where they did find gold and silver.