Lesson 3: Scientific Investigations: Types of Scientific Investigations INQB: Design Investigations Content Standard: Different kinds of questions suggest different kinds of scientific investigations. Performance Expectation: Plan and conduct a scientific investigation (e.g., field study, systematic observation, controlled experiment, model, or simulation) that is appropriate for the question being asked.

Do Now: What do you know about investigations?

Field Study Definition: When do the birds migrate to and from our local park? Definition: A scientific study of free-living plants or animals in which the subjects are observed in their natural habitat without changing, harming, or altering the setting or subjects.

Systematic Observation How do the weather patterns change in the Pacific Ocean throughout the year? Definition: The skill of recognizing and noting some fact or event in the natural world. Observation includes the act of measuring.

Controlled Experiment How does the amount of water affect how quickly a surface heats up? Definition: A lab investigation in which the values of all variables are kept the same except for one that is changed from experiment to experiment (manipulated variable) and one that is measured (responding variable).

Model Definition: A simplified representation of a system. How can the relative positions of the Earth, Moon, and Sun explain different kinds of eclipses? Definition: A simplified representation of a system. Models are useful for studying systems that are too big, too small, or too dangerous to study directly.

Simulation Definition: How do you fly a spaceship in different situations before you really go to space? Definition: The imitation of some real thing, situation, or process. Simulating something involves representing certain key characteristics or behaviors of a system.

Check for Understanding (left side): Match each question to the best type of investigation. Investigation Question Type of Investigation How does the type of surface affect how you operate a remotely operated vehicle on Mars? How does applying different forces to the Earth affect the type of landforms that are created? How does the temperature of the water affect how tall the tomato plant grows? How does the air pressure change with different types of weather? How does the distance from the lake affect the types of plants and animals we see? Field Study Systematic Observation Controlled Experiment Model Simulation

Check for Understanding (left side): Match each question to the best type of investigation: Answers Investigation Question Type of Investigation How does the type of surface affect how you operate a remotely operated vehicle on Mars? How does applying different forces to the Earth affect the type of landforms that are created? How does the temperature of the water affect how tall the tomato plant grows? How does the time of the month affect the appearance of the moon? How does the distance from the lake affect the types of plants and animals we see? e) Simulation Model Controlled Experiment Systematic Observation a) Field Study

(On the right page, put leveled questions to the side of the notes.)

Summary: How do I pick the right type of scientific investigation? (Use the Step-Up-To-Writing method. Put the summary at the bottom of the right page.)

(You can use one of the tide pool questions if you want.) HW (left side): > Write a scientific question: How does _____ affect ______? > Identify what type of investigation would best answer the question, and explain why. > Then design the investigation. (You can use one of the tide pool questions if you want.)