Physical or Chemical? Changes and Properties

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Presentation transcript:

Physical or Chemical? Changes and Properties

What is Chemistry? The study of the composition of matter and the changes that matter undergoes.

What is Matter? Anything that has mass and volume (space it occupies) All objects are made of matter It can be something that you can’t see. Examples: Air Water You!

States of matter There are three states of matter 1. Solid 2. Liquid 3. Gas

SOLID Has a definite shape and volume Shape of solid does not depend on shape of container Arrangement of particles: tightly packed together

Has an indefinite shape, flows, yet has a fixed volume. LIQUID Has an indefinite shape, flows, yet has a fixed volume. Particles are close together but able to flow Takes the shape of container

Gas Takes both the shape and volume of its container Gas can expand to fill any volume (unlike a liquid) Particles within a gas are far apart

States of Matter ( ( ) ) moving; close together moving quickly; SOLID LIQUID GAS ( ( ) ) moving; close together moving quickly; far apart vibrating

Phase (State) of matter Think-Pair-Share: Complete the state of matter summary chart in your notes. Phase (State) of matter Shape Volume Spacing of Particles Movement of Particles Solid Liquid Gas Abbreviation (s) (l) (g)

Solid Liquid Gas PHASES OF MATTER Phase (State) of matter Shape Volume Spacing of Particles Movement of Particles Solid Liquid Gas Abbreviation Fixed position; very close (s) Definite Definite Vibrating Moving: close together Close but in a random arrangement (l) Indefinite Definite Moving quickly; far apart Spread far apart from each other (g) Indefinite Indefinite

Physical vs. Chemical Properties Physical Property Chemical Property A characteristic that can be observed for a substance only during a change in the identity of the substance; ability of a substance to undergo a chemical change Ex: ability to rust, ability to burn, flammability, reactivity A characteristic that can be observed or measured for a substance without a change in the identity of the substance (chemical composition does not change). Ex: color, state of matter, boiling point, melting point, density, solubility

Physical Properties Density Melting point Electrical conductivity Solubility Adsorption to a surface Hardness Size Mass/volume Shape Melting point Boiling point Color State of matter Odor Taste Texture Physical changes are characterized by the following:

Chemical Properties Flammability Explosiveness Reactivity with acid Corrosiveness Ability to Burn Ability to Rot Ability to Rust Ability to Decompose Physical changes are characterized by the following: **These properties are observed as the chemical make-up of the substance is changing**

Demo: physical or chemical change? RECORD OBSERVATIONS IS IT CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL CHANGE? Why? DEMO #2:

Physical vs. Chemical Changes Physical Change Chemical Change (reaction) A change in which only the physical state or condition of a substance is involved. the particles (atoms or molecules) of a substance retain their identity. Chemical composition does not change No new products are formed Ex: dissolving, grinding, melting A change in which A new substance results (with new physical and chemical properties). the particles (atoms or molecules) of a substance become particles of a different substance Chemical composition does change   Ex: burning wood, rusting

Physical changes All changes of state: Melting Freezing Solid becoming a liquid Freezing Liquid becoming a solid Boiling/Evaporation Liquid becoming a gas Condensation Gas becoming a liquid Deposition/Solidification Gas becoming a solid Sublimation Solid becoming a gas

Changes of State Concept Map Remember these are physical changes! Deposition

Physical Changes Freezing Milk Dissolving sugar Breaking a Vase Coloring water red Boiling Water Ice melting Melting Wax Breaking a glass Mixing sand and gravel Cutting of Hair Do demo showing mixture of food coloring

Chemical Changes Cooking Heating Sugar Leaves changing colors Rusting Burning With leaves changing colors, note back to physical change demo (how are they different)? Need something rusted

Signs of Chemical Changes Gas Produced 2. Precipitate Formed 3. Color Change 4. Temperature Change 5. Bright Light Formed Chemical Changes are characterized by the following:

Physical vs chemical changes video

Partner practice Identify & Explain why Chemical change Physical change

Part 1: molecular models B) C)

D) E) F)

Part 2: Statements Two elements react to produce a compound ice (H2O) melting Cl2 + H2  2 HCl a solid compound dissolving in water (H2O) Hydrogen peroxide decomposing

Ability to do something or -ity word Just describes how it looks/acts How do we know the difference between physical and chemical Changes and Properties????? Is it an Action Word???? (-ing word) Is it a Description???? Property Change Ability to do something or -ity word Just describes how it looks/acts New Substance Made Just Looks Different Physical Property Chemical Change Physical Change Chemical Property