Chapter 12: Civilization in East & Southeast Asia

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 12: Civilization in East & Southeast Asia 2 Golden Ages of China; Mongol & Ming Empires; Korea; Japan

2 Golden Ages of China Tang Dynasty Reunifies China After 400 years Tang Dynasty emerged 618 Empire grew / conquered Central Asia territories Forced Vietnam, Tibet, Korea to be tributary states (rule themselves but China was overall ruler; had to pay tribute to emperor) Economy grew; initiated land reforms (redistributed land) Dynasty weakened / overthrown in 907

2 Golden Ages of China Song Dynasty founded 960; Reunification Ruled 319 years Foreign trade grew Under Both Dynasties: Well ordered society w/ social classes Gentry – wealthy land owners Peasants – most people Women had some status / still treated poorly Wives/mothers managed servants & family finances Had feet bound Peasant women worked in fields

Mongol & Ming Empires Mongols – 1200; nomadic; chieftain Genghis Khan; vast empire from Pacific Ocean to E. Europe Invaded China using missiles & cannons; Khan died before conquest of China finished Took over full rule of China – 1279 Control over the Silk Road / trade grew Wanted all Mongol government; only Mongols could serve in military; chose non-Chinese for offices instead of Chin. Established Yuan Dynasty Ended in 1294

Mongol & Ming Empires New Chinese dynasty founded in 1368 – Ming Wanted to show Chinese greatness Economy grew Fertile plains; industries in cities Began overseas exploration 7 expeditions starting in 1405 – led by Zheng He 1435 Zheng He died; exploration ended Expensive to explore & profit wasn’t good enough

Korea Peninsula below China Geography: Mountains cover 70%; water Mountains separate Geography: Mountains cover 70%; water Greatly influenced by China b/c of this Adapted Chinese traditions / passed to Japanese Government, farming, writing, culture

Japan Geography was big influence on development Archipelago: chain of islands Protected & isolated by surrounding seas Ppl migrated from Asia mainland Had a feudal society with an emperor (king) Emperor really only figurehead – didn’t have much power Warlords fought for land Samurai = to vassals/knights