Pres 1880-1893

James Garfield Term: 1881 Party: Rep Two Things: Half breed – wants to reform spoils system (giving jobs to supporters) assassinated by Charles Guiteau, who believed VP Arthur would give him a job

Chester A Arthur Term: 1881-1885 Party: Rep Two Things: Stalwart – keep the spoils system Garfield’s death shows spoils system needs to change, pass Pendleton act Pendleton Act: 10% Fed jobs done through Civil Service Exam (test)

Grover Cleveland Term: 1885-1889, 1893-1897 Party: Dem Two things: Had baby out of wedlock, Married friends daughter in office First Democratic president since before Civil War President during Pullman Strike ICC: Created during Wabash V. Illinois - Only fed could est. rates for traffic between states Interstate Commerce Commission Limited RR to reasonable rates No rebates Not very effective

Benjamin Harrison Term: 1889-1893 Party: Rep Two Things: William Henry Harrison Grandson Lost popular vote but won elective McKinley Tariff: Cut tariffs on tobacco and sugar, raise on textiles Created national deficit Sherman Anti-Trust Act Makes Trust Illegal, going after big companies like Standard Oil Set precedent but ineffective