Titration and Acid-Base Neutralization

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Presentation transcript:

Titration and Acid-Base Neutralization

Acid Base Neutralization Reaction Acid + Base  Water + Salt Ex: HCl + NaOH  H2O + NaCl

Titration: A laboratory method for determining the concentration of an unknown acid or base using a neutralization reaction. A standard solution,(a solution of known concentration), is used.

Equivalence Point The point at which there are stoichiometrically equivalent amounts of acid and base. [H+] = [OH-]

Buret Valve

Indicators Indicators change color when a specific pH range is reached Indicators are chosen, such that they change colors at the range of the pH of interest.

Titration Acid with Phenolpthalein End-Point

Methods of Solving Titration Problems: You’ll always be working with the concentration and volume of both an acid and a base. You will be given 3 of the 4 Use stoichiometry to determine the missing value. If looking for a volume, then start with the given volume. If looking for a concentration, then start with the volume of solution with known concentration divided by the volume of the unknown concentration solution.

Ex. 1 What is the concentration of HCl if 30.0 mL of 0.10 M NaOH neutralizes 50.0mL HCl? NaOH + HCl  H2O + NaCl

Ex. 2 A 20.0 mL solution of Sr(OH)2 is neutralized after 25.0 mL of standard 0.05 M HCl is added. What is the concentration of Sr(OH)2? 2 HCl + Sr(OH)2  2 H2O + SrCl2

Ex. 3 How many mL of 0.20 M H3PO4 are needed to neutralize 55.0 mL of a 0.10 M solution of NaOH?