DO NOW BIOLOGY Draw a graph that shows a population that has grown and reached its carrying capacity. Draw a graph with two lines that shows a predator-prey population relationship. Draw a graph that shows logistic growth. Draw a graph that shows exponential growth. In one sentence, explain what factors can make a population increase and what factors can make a population decrease.

DO NOW Environmental Science If an age structure diagram is “bottom heavy,” how might that population change over time? Draw a graph that shows a population that has grown and reached its carrying capacity. What is the ideal sex ratio in a population? What is the difference between density-dependent and density-independent limiting factors? In one sentence, explain what factors can make a population increase and what factors can make a population decrease.

Ms. Parton Biology and Environmental Science SUCCESSION Ms. Parton Biology and Environmental Science

But first!

Population Review How do populations change over time? BIRTHS INCREASE DEATHS DECREASE IMMIGRATION INCREASE EMIGRATION DECREASE

Population Review What are limiting factors? A limiting factor keeps the size of a population down. Density-dependent limiting factors are BIOTIC and depend on the # of individuals. Density-independent limiting factors are ABIOTIC and DO NOT depend on the # of individuals.

Population Review Exponential Growth J-shaped curve that occurs when a population increases dramatically over a period of time.

Population Review Logistic Growth S-shaped curve that shows a population that had slow growth, a period of exponential growth, and then a time of leveling out at a stable size (carrying capacity).

Population Review Carrying Capacity The carrying capacity of an environment is the maximum number of individuals of a particular species that the environment can support.

Population Quiz Next Class

Ms. Parton Biology and Environmental Science SUCCESSION Ms. Parton Biology and Environmental Science

Succession Agenda First Five/Do Now Population Review Daily Overview Objective: I can describe changes in ecosystems resulting from primary and secondary succession. Essential Question: What is the difference between primary and secondary succession? Agenda First Five/Do Now Population Review Daily Overview Succession Quick Notes Succession Stations Exit Ticket/Last Five

What is succession? There is not an ecosystem on Earth that is able to remain untouched or unchanged. Some can remain relatively stable for long periods of time while others change drastically with the seasons. Some are devastated by fires, storms, mudslides, avalanches, human activities; others are slowly changing because of climate change. What happens to ecosystems after?

What is succession? Succession is the sequence of biotic changes that regenerate (rebuild) a damaged community or create a community in a previously uninhabited area. There are two types of succession: primary and secondary.

PRIMARY SUCCESSION Primary succession is the establishment and development of an ecosystem in an area that was previously uninhabited. Primary succession starts with BARE ROCK. After a time period, pioneer species begin to grow and start the process of primary succession. Pioneer species are the first organisms to arrive in a previously uninhabited area. They are often mosses and lichens.

PRIMARY SUCCESSION Bare rock is exposed. Often from lava or a retreating glacier. The rock begins to break down. Pioneer species begin to grow in the newly formed cracks and break down the rock even further. When they die they add organic matter to the newly forming soil. Over time, new seeds are brought to the area by wind and birds. Small flowers and hardy shrubs begin to grow. They provide habitat for small animals, continue to break down the rocks, and provide organic matter to the soil when they die. As the soil continues to form, small trees take root and more animals move into the habitat. Finally larger trees grow and more animals inhabit the ecosystem.

SECONDARY SUCCESSION Sometimes a disturbance such as a fire or hurricane destroys an ecosystem. Secondary succession is the reestablishment of a damaged ecosystem in an area where there is already soil. Secondary succession starts with SOIL. Whatever organisms are left begin the process over. Adding nutrients to the soil and providing resources to larger organisms. Gradually over time the ecosystem reestablishes itself. It is important to note that a destroyed ecosystem never returns to its exact state before a disturbance. It will rebuild and regrow, but it will never be exactly the same as it was.

Biology Work Period Station 1 You are going to complete a case study on Succession to answer the question: how do ecosystems develop over time. You must complete the case study in the order that it is presented. Read all the text carefully, examine the diagrams for important details, and answer each question on a separate sheet of paper. You do not have to write in complete sentences; however, make sure to address each question completely and make your reasoning clear. Station 2 You are going to create your own notes and reference materials for succession. First, skim and scan p. 445 – 447 to review the key ideas about succession. Then, fill out the Power Notes on primary and secondary succession. Next, underneath the Power Notes define all the important vocabulary words (yellow words). Finally, watch the Amoeba Sister Video “Ecological Succession” and complete the student handout.

Environmental Science Work Period Station 1 You are going to complete a case study on Succession to answer the question: how do ecosystems develop over time. You must complete the case study in the order that it is presented. Read all the text carefully, examine the diagrams for important details, and answer each question on a separate sheet of paper. You do not have to write in complete sentences; however, make sure to address each question completely and make your reasoning clear. Station 2 You are going to create your own notes and reference materials for succession. Read p.149 – 155 carefully. As you read, pay close attention to the main ideas and text features. Use the text to complete the guided notes. If you finish early, there is an Amoeba Sister Ed Puzzle about succession that is due next week.

Closing/Exit Ticket

During March of 2017, there was a 693 acre wildfire in Bryceville, FL, which is a small city outside of Jacksonville. Forestry officials said the fire was started around 2 PM by a man who was burning paperback books on Wills Lane near Garfield Road, where some of the homes were lost, officials said. According to a woman’s 911 call, they were burning boxes after recently moving into the home. Identify what type of succession this is and describe the first changes you would see in the burned forest following the fire.